儿童急性呼吸道感染在COVID-19大流行之前,期间和之后的变化:一项回顾性研究
Ana Fradique1, Marta Rodrigues2, Laura Isabel Azevedo E Sousa3
1Pediatrics, Unidade Local de Saúde de Coimbra, Coimbra, PRT.
Cureus
|October 23, 2025
概括
在COVID-19期间的非药物干预 (NPI) 显著减少了儿科急性呼吸道感染 (ARI). 流行后,ARI发病率突破了流行前的水平,尽管严重程度保持不变.
科学领域:
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 急性呼吸道感染 (ARI) 是儿童疾病和急诊室访问的主要原因之一.
- 非药物干预 (NPI) 在全球范围内实施,以制COVID-19大流行期间的SARS-CoV-2传播.
- 这些NPI影响了儿童中各种呼吸道病原体的循环模式.
研究的目的:
- 量化COVID-19大流行之前,期间和之后的儿科ARI发生率和严重性的变化.
- 评估NPI对儿科ARI流行病学趋势的影响.
主要方法:
- 0-10岁儿童的回顾性观察时间序列研究.
- 从2019年4月到2023年4月,从葡萄牙科维拉的儿科急诊室收集的数据.
- 分析每个月前五天的入院情况,分为COVID-19前,COVID-19和COVID-19后的时期.
主要成果:
- 与大流行前水平相比,ARI访问的比例在COVID-19期间下降.
- 在COVID-19后期观察到ARI发病率的显著增加,超过了大流行前的水平.
- 没有发现住院率,住院时间或氧气需求的显著变化.
结论:
- COVID-19 NPIs导致了显著的减少和改变了儿科ARI的季节性.
- 随着限制的解除,ARI发病率急剧上升,超过了以前的水平.
- 这些发现强调了公共卫生措施和暴露动态对儿科呼吸道感染流行病学的影响.
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