与马拉松运动员耐力跑步相关的参数的耐用性
Ben Hunter1, Daniel Muniz-Pumares2
1School of Human Sciences, London Metropolitan University, London, UK.
European journal of sport science
|October 23, 2025
概括
耐力标志物如最大氧气吸收和乳酸值速度在长时间跑步后下降. 抵抗这种衰退的能力,称为耐久性,与更好的马拉松表现有关.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 体育科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 马拉松跑步 马拉松跑步
背景情况:
- 身体学标志物,如最大氧气摄入量 (V·O2peak),乳酸值时的部分利用率 (FULT) 和运行经济 (RE) 是耐力表现的关键指标.
- 这些标记物,以及乳酸值 (sLT) 的速度,在长时间的运动中往往会恶化.
- 保持这些生理标记的能力,称为"耐久性",越来越被认为是马拉松成功的关键因素.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究一个长时间的跑步后,关键耐力性能标志物的耐用性 (V·O2peak,FULT,RE).
- 为了确定这些标记的耐用性是否与训练有素的跑步者的实际马拉松表现有关.
主要方法:
- 18名马拉松跑者完成了两次测试:一次"新鲜" (PRE) 和一次以乳酸值速度 (POST) 跑90分钟后.
- 测量包括在PRE和POST条件下V̇O2peak,FULT,RE和sLT.
- 从PRE到POST的标记的百分比变化被计算出来,以评估耐用性.
主要成果:
- 经过长时间的运行 (p < 0.001) 后,观察到V̇O2peak和sLT显著减少.
- 运行经济 (RE) 和乳酸值 (FULT) 的部分利用率保持不变.
- 较小的sLT恶化 (更大的耐久性) 与更快的马拉松终点时间显著相关 (r = 0.680,p < 0.01).
结论:
- 长时间的跑步会对耐力表现的关键生理标志物产生负面影响.
- 持续运动后的生理衰退程度或耐久性是马拉松表现的重要预测因素.
- 量化耐用性可以为马拉松运动员和教练提供宝贵的见解,补充传统的性能指标.
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