非常老的说话者的运动语言表现:与生理解剖学和认知语言因素的关联
Sonja Alantie1,2, Tanja Makkonen2, Kati Renvall1
1Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
International journal of language & communication disorders
|October 23, 2025
概括
在非常老的成年人 (80-100岁) 中,运动语言技能相对保持良好,但比年轻人慢. 口腔二动力学 (DDK) 速率和语音节奏受到年龄,牙和语言技能的影响.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 语音语言病理学 语言病理学
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 随着年龄的增长,运动语言技能下降,但对于非常老 (VO) 发言者 (80-100岁) 的规范性数据很少.
- 评估运动语言表现需要评估精细运动和认知能力.
研究的目的:
- 为了建立口腔二动力学 (DDK) 速率和VO芬兰语说话者 (80-100岁) 的叙事语音节奏的规范性数据.
- 识别运动语言表现的预测因素,包括年龄,牙,听力,认知状态,语言技能和教育.
主要方法:
- 对50个典型的老龄化VO芬兰语说话者的横截面研究.
- 通过交替运动速率 (AMR) 音节 (/pa/, /ta/, /ka/),顺序运动速率 (SMR) 音节序列 (/pataka/) 和叙事语音节奏 (说话和发音速度) 评估运动语音表现.
- 使用多重线性回归分析了性能和背景变量之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 音声扬声器的DDK,说话和发音率是由生理解剖学和认知语言学因素预测的.
- 在80-100范围内的年龄较大与SMR任务执行速度较慢相关.
- 牙 (假牙) 和高等教育水平与较慢的AMR任务和发音率有关,而更好的语言技能 (语音流利,失言率) 预测了更快的速度.
结论:
- 音声说话者表现出相对保存良好的运动语言技能,尽管比年轻人更慢.
- 一个新的发现是,在VO扬声器中,SMR比AMR慢,与年轻的芬兰成年人不同.
- 自然牙,年轻年龄和良好的语言技能似乎可以防止运动语音下降;然而,受过高等教育的VO说话者可能在AMR任务中表现得更慢.
相关概念视频
01:10Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language
3.4K
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
3.4K
01:27Language and Cognition
704
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
704
01:22Language Development
841
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
841