在南加利福尼亚州的动物感染大肠杆菌和尿路感染
Maliha Aziz1, Daniel E Park1, Vanessa Quinlivan1
1Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
mBio
|October 23, 2025
概括
来自食品动物的肠外致病菌大肠杆菌 (ExPEC) 在南加州导致18%的尿路感染. 动物传播性尿路感染在贫困地区和妇女中更为常见,这凸显了对干预的需要.
科学领域:
- 微生物学与传染病的研究
- 基因组学和生物信息学
- 公共卫生和流行病学
背景情况:
- 尿路感染 (UTI) 是一个主要的全球健康问题,主要是由大肠杆菌 (E. coli) 引起的.
- 肠外病原体大肠杆菌 (ExPEC) 是导致尿路感染的主要病原体.
- 食物动物被怀疑是动物性ExPEC菌株的储存库,但它们在城市环境中对人类泌尿道感染的贡献还不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 估计南加利福尼亚州因动物感染ExPEC菌株而导致的尿道感染的比例.
- 调查与动物性感染性尿道感染相关的人口和社会经济因素.
- 为旨在减少尿路感染负担的有针对性的公共卫生干预提供信息.
主要方法:
- 从零售肉类 (2017-2021) 和南加州八个县的尿路感染患者中收集大肠杆菌分离物.
- 一个分离的子集的基因组测序,以识别与宿主相关的遗传标记.
- 应用贝叶斯隐性类模型来推断临床分离的宿主来源 (人与食物动物).
主要成果:
- 动物感染的ExPEC菌株占研究区域所有大肠杆菌尿道感染的约18%.
- 与男性 (8.5%) 相比,动物性尿路感染的比例在贫困地区 (21.5%) 和女性 (19.7%) 中较高.
- 与非动物性感染相比,男性的动物性尿道感染与老年有关.
结论:
- 动物传播的ExPEC菌株对南加州的尿路感染负担作出了重大贡献.
- 弱势群体,包括高贫困地区的居民和妇女,面临着不成比例地更高的动物性尿道感染风险.
- 减少食品动物库中的ExPEC流行率对于减轻尿路感染发病率和解决健康差异至关重要.
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