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35%的过氧化对促进牙面的美白的作用,其表面上粘附着的正统牙附件

Bruna Caroline Tomé Barreto1, Luiza Trindade Vilela1, Guido Artemio Marañón-Vásquez2

  • 1Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics (Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil).

Dental press journal of orthodontics
|October 23, 2025
PubMed
概括

使用35%的过氧化来美白牙是有效的,即使有牙科的附件. 这项体外研究表明,在正义牙科治疗期间,牙面会出现白化.

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Halogens are ortho–para directors. They are more electronegative than carbon. Therefore, as ring substituents, they can withdraw electrons through the inductive effect and deactivate the aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution. Halogens also have an electron-donating resonance effect on the ring, which influences the orientation of the incoming electrophile. If an electrophile attacks at the ortho or the para position, the halogen donates electrons and stabilizes the intermediate...
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