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与童年虐待相关的白质微观结构变化是否解释了成年早期的精神病理学 - - 一项纵向神经成像研究

Rita Pasion¹, Sofia Amaoui^2,3, Tiago O Paiva²

¹HEI-Lab: Digital Human-Environment Interaction Labs, Lusófona University, Centro Universitário Do Porto, Rua de Augusto Rosa, 24, 4000-098, Porto, Portugal. rita.pasion@ulusofona.pt.

European child & adolescent psychiatry

|October 23, 2025

概括

童年情感疏忽与白质大脑变化有关,这预测了青少年和年轻人的精神病理. 这些发育性大脑变化作为精神健康问题的跨诊断神经生物学风险因素.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
发展心理学发展心理学
精神病学是一个精神病学.

背景情况:

童年虐待,包括虐待和忽视,是精神病理学的重要危险因素.
纵向研究对于理解心理健康的发展轨迹至关重要.
神经成像技术可以揭示与不良童年经历相关的脑部变化.

研究的目的:

调查青春期白质 (WM) 变化与童年虐待经历之间的关联.
确定这些WM变化是否调解了虐待和精神病理之间的关系.
探索这些关联中的性别差异.

主要方法:

利用了IMAGEN纵向研究 (N=769) 的数据,包括14至22岁的青少年.
使用童年虐待调查问卷评估童年虐待.
使用扩散张力成像 (DTI) 度量分析白质完整性,包括分数异构 (FA) 和辐射扩散 (RD),通过基于通道的空间统计计算.

主要成果:

情绪疏忽与特定白质通道的FA减少有关,特别是那些涉及thalamic投射的通道.
这些WM变化 (特别是集群C5) 显著预测了19岁和22岁的精神病理学,涵盖了内化和外化症状.
在22岁时,情绪疏忽对精神病理学的预测效应主要观察到女性参与者. 身体疏忽显示出与FA的弱,反向关联,并不能预测以后的精神病理.

结论:

与情绪疏忽相关的发育白质变化有助于精神病理的发展.
这些发现表明,神经生物学机制是童年情绪疏忽和心理健康问题之间的联系的基础.
确定的大脑变化可能代表精神病理学的跨诊断风险因素,特别是在女性中.

关键词:

童年虐待童年虐待扩散张力成像 (DTI) 是一种图像成像是一种成像.心理病理学心理病理学这是一个跨诊断的诊断.白质 (WM) 是指白质的部分.

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