全球陆地表面空气温度变化的时空模式与ERA5-Land一起研究
Yuanyuan Wei1,2, Wenkai Yin1, Chaoli Tang2,3
1National Engineering Research Center for Agro-Ecological Big Data Analysis & Application, School of Internet, Anhui University, Hefei, 230039, China.
Environmental monitoring and assessment
|October 23, 2025
概括
全球变暖显示陆地表面空气温度 (LSAT) 显著增加,北半球的变暖速度比南半球快. 北极的扩大和像ENSO这样的区域气候模式影响了这些变化.
科学领域:
- 气候科学 气候科学
- 大气科学 大气科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 全球变暖趋势通过陆地表面空气温度 (LSAT) 的变化显著影响自然系统和人类社会.
- 了解LSAT变化的时空异质性对于气候变化影响评估至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究从1950年到2022年全球LSAT变化的时空异质性.
- 分析半球和季节性变暖趋势的差异.
- 为了识别LSAT变异性及其远程连接的主导模式.
主要方法:
- 利用ERA5-Land重新分析数据集用于跨越1950-2022年的全球LSAT数据.
- 进行了LSAT数据的趋势分析,季节性分解和空间分析.
- 应用经验直角函数 (EOF) 分析以确定主要的变化模式,并将它们与气候指数相关联.
主要成果:
- 从1980年到2022年,观察到全球气候变暖的显著趋势为0.035°C/年,北半球每年升温0.038°C,南半球每年升温0.018°C.
- 峰值变暖发生在北极秋季/南极春季 (九月至十月至十一月).
- 99.23%的土地面积变暖,其中46.07%超过全球平均水平,特别是在北度,显示出北极放大.
- EOF分析揭示了与全球趋势 (EOF1),北大西洋振荡/北极振荡 (EOF2) 和厄尔尼诺-南方振荡 (EOF3) 相关的模式.
结论:
- 全球陆地表面空气温度正在上升,有显著的半球不对称性和区域变化.
- 主导的LSAT变化模式与大规模的气候模式有关,如NAO/AO和ENSO.
- 对这些时空模式的持续监测和理解对于气候变化适应和减缓战略至关重要.
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