产前暴露于微粒物质成分和儿童自闭症风险
Maxime Cloutier1,2, Chengchun Yu3,4, Robert Talarico3,4
1Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
JAMA network open
|October 23, 2025
概括
产前暴露于硫酸盐和等特定细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 成分,以及产后暴露于臭氧 (O3) 与自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 风险有关. 第二和第三季度似乎是这种关联的敏感时期.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 产前和早期暴露于细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 是自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的可疑环境风险因素.
- 然而,导致ASD风险的特定PM2.5组件和关键暴露窗口仍然不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查产前和生命第一年的特定PM2.5成分暴露与ASD诊断之间的关联.
- 为了确定怀孕期间与ASD风险相关的空气污染暴露的敏感发育时期.
主要方法:
- 一项大型的加拿大队列研究利用了超过200万例出生的行政健康数据.
- 暴露评估涉及对PM2.5成分 (硫酸盐,等) 的两周一次和每周一次监测. ),NO2和O3从受孕到生命的第一年.
- 考克斯的比例危险模型和分布式滞后非线性模型被用来分析5岁时的自闭症诊断,并确定敏感的暴露窗口.
主要成果:
- 产前暴露于硫酸盐 (SO42-) 和 (NH4+),PM2.5的组成部分,显示出ASD的危险比率增加.
- 在妊娠26-30周和整个生命的第一年中,产后暴露于臭氧 (O3) 也与更高的ASD风险有关.
- 在关键窗口期间的PM2.5质量 (不包括硫酸盐和氨) 与ASD风险之间没有发现显著的关联.
结论:
- 产前暴露于特定的PM2.5成分 (硫酸盐,) 和产后暴露于臭氧与ASD的风险增加有关.
- 怀孕的第二和第三个三个月可能代表脆弱性的关键窗口.
- 这些发现强调了空气质量在怀孕期间和生命早期对神经发育的重要性,并要求进一步调查空气污染在ASD病因学中的作用.
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