对船上碳捕获的技术经济和环境评估,以实现海上净零合规性
Seyedvahid Vakili1, Panos Manias1, Stephen Turnock1
1University of Southampton, United Kingdom.
Journal of environmental management
|October 23, 2025
概括
船上碳捕获和储存 (OCCS) 为海上脱碳提供了一个可行的临时解决方案,在使用海洋柴油的船只中,可减少高达41.5%的温室气体排放.
科学领域:
- 海洋脱碳化是如何实现的
- 环境工程 环境工程
- 运输技术 运输技术 运输技术
背景情况:
- 国际海事组织 (IMO) 要求到2050年实现净零排放.
- 零和接近零排放 (ZnZ) 的燃料面临着部署挑战 (成本,基础设施,安全).
- 船上碳捕获和储存 (OCCS) 提出了一个潜在的过渡战略.
研究的目的:
- 评估OCCS系统的技术经济和环境可行性.
- 评估使用海洋柴油 (MDO),液化天然气 (LNG) 和甲醇的四种集装箱船类型的OCCS.
- 分析两个OCCS技术:化学吸收 (单乙胺 - MEA) 和冷分离.
主要方法:
- 评估能源需求,空间需求和生命周期温室气体排放.
- 根据IMO的净零框架进行经济绩效分析.
- 对MEA和冷OCCS技术的比较.
主要成果:
- MEA系统实现了最高的温室气体减排 (MDO高达41.5%),但增加了燃料消耗 (15%-30%) 和减少货物容量 (~10%).
- 低温系统提高了安全性,但更耗能.
- 配备OCCS的船只可以达到2035年IMO温室气体目标,特别是生物燃料,比补救单位提供成本优势.
结论:
- OCCS为海洋脱碳提供了一种实际的,尽管是暂时的,解决方案.
- 成功部署需要政策支持,基础设施发展 (港口,地质储存) 和技术创新 (捕获,废热整合).
- OCCS作为一个关键的桥梁,实现长期的船舶净零排放.
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