乌克兰的经验:在受敌对行动影响的领土上处理放射性废物的安全问题
Kateryna Fuzik1, Sergii Kondratiev1, Liliia Kutina1
1State Enterprise 'State Scientific and Technical Center for Nuclear and Radiation Safety'State Enterprise 'State Scientific and Technical Center for Nuclear and Radiation Safety', Kyiv, Ukraine.
概括
乌克兰在战争期间为切尔诺贝利禁区的辐射危险设施制定了新的安全规定. 这种前所未有的方法解决了诸如占领和未爆炸弹药等挑战,以安全管理放射性废物.
科学领域:
- 核安全和辐射保护是核安全和辐射保护.
- 战时监管框架 战时监管框架
- 放射性废物管理 放射性废物管理
背景情况:
- 乌克兰在受敌对行动影响的地区面临重大安全挑战,特别是有关辐射危险设施和放射性源.
- 这些设施包括切尔诺贝利核电站和切尔诺贝利禁区 (CEZ) 内的放射性废物处理场所.
- 战争条件带来了前所未有的风险,如军事占领,未爆炸的弹药和炮击,使安全监督变得复杂.
研究的目的:
- 开发和实施方法和程序来规范在战时和占领后CEZ内的设施和活动的安全.
- 应对活跃武装冲突带来的独特挑战,包括对设备的潜在损坏,对放射性废物失去控制以及人员困难.
- 与国际社会分享乌克兰在敌对行动期间和领土解放后维护安全原则和许可证方面的独特经验.
主要方法:
- 乌克兰国家核监管检查局及其技术支持组织,国家核和辐射安全科学技术中心之间的合作.
- 包括挪威辐射和核安全局的支持.
- 开发专门为CEZ的战时条件和冲突后场景设计的新型监管方法和程序.
主要成果:
- 建立了乌克兰独特的方法和程序来规范活跃武装冲突期间辐射危险设施的安全.
- 成功调整安全监督和许可流程,以克服战争时期的挑战,包括占领和后勤中断.
- 创建了一个适用于其他非占领地区和敌对行动停止的地区的框架.
结论:
- 乌克兰在极端的战时条件下展示了对核和辐射安全的独特能力.
- 开发的方法为在类似受冲突影响的地区的国际应用提供了先例.
- 持续的国际合作对于在全球冲突期间分享核安全最佳实践至关重要.
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