老龄化作为阿尔茨海默氏症疾病分类中的积极参与者:从BrainAge模型中的特征选择的见解
Jorge Garcia Condado1, Ines Verdugo Recuero2, Iñigo Tellaetxe-Elorriaga3
1Computational Neuroimaging Lab, Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, 48903, Spain; Biomedical Research Doctorate Program, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, 48940, Spain; Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
NeuroImage
|October 23, 2025
概括
对于阿尔茨海默病诊断的BrainAge模型受到年龄偏差的影响. 仔细的特征选择至关重要,因为针对年龄预测优化的模型可能无法准确地分类阿尔茨海默病,反之亦然.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 生物标志物发现发现
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
背景情况:
- BrainAge模型使用神经成像或临床数据估计大脑的生物年龄.
- 这些模型对研究神经退行性疾病如阿尔茨海默氏症有前途.
- 然而,神经成像特征中的年龄相关偏差可能会混阿尔茨海默氏症的诊断.
研究的目的:
- 研究特征选择对阿尔茨海默病BrainAge模型中年龄偏差的影响.
- 确定BrainAge模型是否可以可靠地区分老龄化影响与阿尔茨海默氏症病理.
- 评估BrainAge deltas与阿尔茨海默氏症诊断的直接特征分类的实用性.
主要方法:
- 根据临床组的年龄和区分能力的相互信息来排名特征.
- 脑年龄模型被代训练,使用优化为年龄预测或疾病歧视的特征子集.
- 评估了BrainAge的三角误差和分类性能,与原始特征上的逻辑回归相比.
主要成果:
- 神经成像特征与衰老更相关;神经心理特征更好地区分阿尔茨海默病.
- 优化为年龄预测的模型在阿尔茨海默氏症分类中表现不佳,反之亦然.
- 与特定阶段的分类模型不同,BrainAge提供跨阶段适用的连续输出.
结论:
- 衰老显著影响基于BrainAge的阿尔茨海默氏症分类.
- 特定任务的特征选择对于减轻年龄偏差和确保适当的模型应用至关重要.
- 脑年龄模型设计必须考虑年龄预测和疾病歧视之间的权衡.
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