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用第21个氨基酸作为活生生的表观遗传传感器来设计非自然细胞

Yu Hu¹, Yixian Wang¹, Linqi Cheng¹

¹Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX, USA.

Nature communications

|October 23, 2025

概括

科学家们开发出活体传感器,可以实时跟踪动物内部的蛋白质修饰. 这些工程细胞允许对活体中转化后修饰 (PTM) 和酶活性进行非侵入性监测.

科学领域:

分子生物学分子生物学
生物技术是生物技术.
生物化学生化学

背景情况:

翻译后修改 (PTMs) 对于调节活动物中的蛋白质功能至关重要.
测量PTM和相关酶活性的现有方法通常是侵入性的,缺乏特异性.
精确监测PTM动态对于了解细胞过程和疾病机制至关重要.

研究的目的:

开发新的,非侵入性的活体传感器,以实时监测PTM动态 in vivo.
设计能够生物合成和编码乙氨酸的原生细胞和真核细胞.
利用遗传密码扩展技术在活体传感器中创建特定站点的乙氨酸修饰.

主要方法:

开发用于乙氨酸生物合成的自主 prokaryotic 和真核细胞.
遗传密码扩展技术的应用,以实现乙氨酸的特定位点编码.
将工程生物传感器移植到活体动物中,用于体内监测.

主要成果:

成功创建了能够生物合成和遗传编码乙氨酸的活体传感器.
证明了这些传感器能够实时监测活细胞和动物内的PTM动态.
展示了传感器在跟踪脱乙酶活性和评估体内脱乙酶抑制剂中的实用性.

结论:

开发的活体传感器为实时监测活体动物的PTM和酶活动提供了一种非侵入性的方法.
这项技术推进了对PTM动态的研究,并且在药物发现和疾病研究中具有潜在的应用.
遗传密码扩展为创建用于体内应用的复杂生物传感器提供了强大的工具.

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