高强度间歇运动和中等强度持续训练对高血压的动脉硬和内皮功能的急性影响:一个交叉试验
Wei Feng1, Wei-Liang Yu2,3, Zhuang Zhao4
1Communication University of Zhejiang, Zhejiang, China.
Scientific reports
|October 23, 2025
概括
中等强度持续训练 (MICT) 改善了高血压患者的动脉硬和血管扩张,效果持续24小时. 高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 没有显示类似的好处,突出MICT.
科学领域:
- 心血管生理学心血管生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学
- 高血压研究 高血压研究
背景情况:
- 高血压通过内皮功能障碍和动脉硬性增加心血管疾病的风险.
- 中等强度持续训练 (MICT) 和高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 均为血管提供长期益处.
- MICT和HIIT对高血压患者的急性影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较MICT和HIIT对基本高血压患者血管功能的急性影响.
- 评估运动后即时和24小时动脉硬和血管扩张的变化.
主要方法:
- 30名高血压患者接受了基线测试.
- 参与者在1周的洗后完成了HIIT课程 (10x1分钟在90%VO2峰值) 或能量相当的MICT课程 (32分钟在65%VO2峰值).
- 血管参数包括流量介导扩张 (FMD),血压和腕脉冲波速度 (baPWV) 在运动后立即测量,运动后5分钟和运动后24小时.
主要成果:
- MICT增加了动脉基底和峰直径,而HIIT没有.
- 与MICT相比,HIIT诱导了系统血压 (SBP) 和脉压 (PP) 的更大立即增加.
- MICT降低了手腕关节脉冲波速率 (baPWV),表明动脉硬度降低,效果持续24小时;HIIT没有改变baPWV.
- 对于口炎或脚-手腕指数 (ABI),没有发现HIIT和MICT之间的显著差异.
结论:
- 与HIIT相比,MICT在降低动脉硬性和改善高血压患者的血管扩张方面表现出卓越的急性疗效.
- 在长达24小时的MICT后,血管硬性的持续减少表明其对高血压立即血液动力学稳定的潜在益处.
- 运动方式的选择对于高血压患者的急性血管适应至关重要.
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