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相关概念视频

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II01:20

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

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In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...
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Mechanism of heat transfer01:19

Mechanism of heat transfer

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Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer

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Heat transfer between the human body and its environment occurs through four main mechanisms: conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporation.
Conduction, accounting for approximately 3% of body heat loss at rest, is the process of exchanging heat between molecules of two materials in direct contact. This can result in both heat loss and gain. For instance, when the body is submerged in water, which conducts heat 20 times more effectively than air, it can either lose or gain significant...
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I

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Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.
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Heating and Cooling Curves02:44

Heating and Cooling Curves

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When a substance—isolated from its environment—is subjected to heat changes, corresponding changes in temperature and phase of the substance is observed; this is graphically represented by heating and cooling curves.
For instance, the addition of heat raises the temperature of a solid; the amount of heat absorbed depends on the heat capacity of the solid (q = mcsolidΔT). According to thermochemistry, the relation between the amount of heat absorbed or released by a substance, q, and its...
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Specific Heat01:16

Specific Heat

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The specific heat capacity of a substance refers to the energy required to increase the temperature of one gram of that substance by one degree Celcius. Specific heat capacity is often represented in calories (cal), grams (g), and degrees Celsius (oC), but can also be expressed in joules (J), kilograms (kg), and Kelvin (K), among other units.
For example, increasing the temperature of one gram of water by 1°C requires one calorie of heat energy and can be written as 1 cal/g-°C, or...
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Author Spotlight: Assembly and Operation of a Cooling Stage to Immobilize C. elegans on Their Culture Plates
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生物启发的分层辐射相变混合冷却复合材料,具有创纪录的冷却功率.

Xinpeng Hu1, Bingqing Quan1, Zhanjin Shi1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure and Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|October 24, 2025
PubMed
概括

研究人员开发了一种新的混合冷却材料,灵感来自和珍珠. 这种被动日间辐射冷却 (PDRC) 复合材料实现了创纪录的冷却功率,为减少能源消耗提供了可持续的解决方案.

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生物启发的生物启发.碳中和是指碳中立的混合冷却的混合冷却方式阶段变化转换阶段变化辐射冷却是一种辐射冷却.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 可持续能源 可持续能源
  • 纳米技术纳米技术

背景情况:

  • 无源日间辐射冷却 (PDRC) 是一种可持续的技术,可减少冷却能源需求和排放.
  • 传统的PDRC材料具有有限的冷却功率,不足以满足现代需求.
  • 整合相变材料 (PCM) 提高了冷却能力,但在平衡辐射,潜热和传热特性方面面临挑战.

研究的目的:

  • 开发一种高性能辐射相变混合冷却 (RPHC) 复合材料.
  • 克服传统PDRC和集成PCM系统的局限性.
  • 为提高冷却性能,创建一种以自然结构为灵感的材料.

主要方法:

  • 采用了水预移除策略来创建分层微结构的RPHC复合材料.
  • 该复合材料集成了微纤维化纤维素 (MFC) 基质与核心外相变囊 (PCC).
  • 纳克尔珠光散射机制启发了该材料的设计.

主要成果:

  • 开发的复合材料实现了高太阳反射率 (0.969) 和中红外辐射率 (0.958).
  • 通过高效的PCC集成,实现了高潜热 (132.1 J g-1).
  • 证明了创纪录的RPHC冷却功率为226W m-2和10.1°C的环境下温度降低.

结论:

  • 与现有的PDRC材料相比,以珠为灵感的MFC/PCC复合材料提供了优越的冷却性能.
  • 对建筑物外的应用显示,可降低高达4.4%的冷却能耗.
  • 这种创新材料有助于节能和碳中和目标,并有可能减少全球二氧化碳排放.