炎症性肠病和低FODMAP饮食:治疗中的好处和挑战
Kinga Skoracka1,2, Alicja Ewa Ratajczak-Pawłowska1,3, Martyna Marciniak1
1Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Frontiers in nutrition
|October 24, 2025
概括
低发酵性寡糖,分糖,单糖和多醇饮食 (LFD) 可以通过减少症状来改善炎症性肠病 (IBD) 患者的生活质量. 然而,由于对肠道微生物群和营养状况的潜在风险,LFD的使用需要谨慎管理.
科学领域:
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
背景情况:
- 炎症性肠病 (IBD),包括克罗恩病 (CD) 和性结肠炎 (UC),在全球范围内正在增加.
- IBD管理寻求新的治疗策略,包括饮食干预,以改善患者的生活质量.
- 胃肠道症状显著影响IBD患者的日常生活,需要有效的症状管理.
研究的目的:
- 评估低发酵性寡糖,分糖,单糖和多醇饮食 (LFD) 作为IBD治疗方法的疗效和风险.
- 评估LFD对IBD患者胃肠道症状,生活质量,肠道微生物群和营养状况的影响.
- 确定LFD在IBD管理中的适当作用,特别是对于症状持久的患者.
主要方法:
- 对研究低FODMAP饮食 (LFD) 在炎症性肠病 (IBD) 患者中的研究的文献综述.
- 关于LFD对内脏过敏,生活质量,肠道微生物群组成和营养水平的影响的证据分析.
- 综合当前数据,以确定LFD在IBD管理中的好处,风险和局限性.
主要成果:
- LFD显示出缓解内脏过敏和改善IBD患者的生活质量的潜力,这些患者有着类似易怒肠综合征的症状.
- 有证据表明,LFD在IBD患者的症状控制中有效,但不能明显减少肠道炎症.
- 与LFD相关的潜在风险包括对肠道微生物群的不良影响以及维生素和矿物质的缺乏.
结论:
- 最好将LFD视为IBD患者的短期饮食策略,这些IBD患者在缓解中经历了持续的IBS类症状.
- 谨慎管理对于减轻营养缺乏和对肠道微生物群组成负面影响的风险至关重要.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解LFD的长期影响及其在减少IBD肠道炎症中的作用.
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