孕产妇的护理塑造了一个无血体的表现,并提供终身的保护,防止掠食者
C Lindstedt1, G Boncoraglio2, S C Cotter2,3
1Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Latokartanonkaari 7, P.O. Box 27, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
概括
父母在埋葬甲虫的照顾会影响后代的发育,影响成年后警告信号的可靠性. 有限的护理导致不那么明显的显示,外观和化学防御之间的联系较弱.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 动物行为 动物行为
背景情况:
- 家长的照顾可以提高早期的生存率,但其对捕食者-猎物动态的长期影响还未得到充分研究.
- 猎物的无体性 (警告) 颜色是由捕食者选择形成的,用于可靠的防御信号.
- 埋葬甲虫 (Nicrophorus vespilloides) 表现出警告色彩,并提供父母的照顾.
研究的目的:
- 调查在发育过程中获得的父母照顾如何影响成年埋葬甲虫中复血信号的可靠性.
- 为了确定母亲的护理是否影响警告显示的突出性和化学防御能力之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 操纵孕产妇护理水平提供给埋葬甲虫幼虫.
- 评估成年后代的大小及其警告色彩的显著性.
- 在成年埋葬甲虫中测量化学防御的效力.
- 基于发育关怀水平,分析视觉信号和化学防御之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 限定的母婴护理导致了较小的成年埋葬甲虫,其警告显示不那么明显.
- 视觉警告信号与化学防御能力之间的相关性在接受较少护理的个体中较弱.
- 发育的社会环境 (孕产妇的照顾) 影响了异质信号的可靠性.
结论:
- 在埋葬甲虫中,母亲的护理调节了体防御系统传递的信息,而较少的护理导致信号不那么可靠.
- 猎物的早期社会环境可以限制捕食者驱动的选择对警告信号的可靠性.
- 家长的照顾在塑造捕食者与猎物的互动中诚实信号的演变中起着至关重要的作用.
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