在术后认知功能障碍中,肠-大脑轴和外科手术期间的肠道微生物组:对神经外科患者的影响
Ismail A Abdullah1, Sariya Khan2, Fatma E Hassan3,4
1College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia.
Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 24, 2025
概括
神经外科手术后的术后认知功能障碍 (POCD) 与肠道微生物组的变化有关. 用益生菌恢复肠道健康可能会降低POCD风险并改善认知恢复.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 手术后认知功能障碍 (POCD) 是神经外科手术后的一个重大问题,特别是在老年人中.
- 肠-大脑轴越来越被认为是外科手术期间神经炎症和认知功能的关键调节器.
研究的目的:
- 在神经外科的背景下,审查和综合有关肠道微生物组失调在POCD中的作用的现有证据.
- 检查对肠道微生物群对外科手术前认知的影响的机械和治疗洞察力.
主要方法:
- 进行了对临床前和临床研究的全面审查.
- 分析了有关肠道微生物组,手术压力和认知结果的证据.
- 研究了机制途径和潜在的治疗干预措施.
主要成果:
- 手术和麻醉破坏了肠道微生物的多样性,增加了肠道的透性,并促进了全身炎症,对神经可塑性和血脑屏障的完整性产生了负面影响.
- 临床前研究表明,诸如益生菌,益生菌和便微生物群移植等干预措施可以改善术后认知.
- 临床发现将减少的短链脂肪酸产生细菌与更高的POCD风险联系在一起,而外科手术期间的益生菌在降低POCD发病率方面显示出有希望.
结论:
- 外科手术期间的肠道微生物群代表了提高神经外科手术后认知恢复的可向因素.
- 将基于微生物组的诊断和治疗方法整合到手术护理途径中,可能有助于最大限度地减少POCD.
- 进一步的大规模随机试验对于验证这些发现和确定临床疗效至关重要.
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