语境很重要:"最左的数字"对不是最左的数字可能产生影响
Erin Kim1, Shanthi Soans1, Andrea L Patalano1
1Department of Psychology, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, USA.
概括
数轴估计中的左位数偏差取决于上下文. 这种认知偏差可以影响数字超出字面最左边的数字,影响数字表示.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 教育心理学教育心理学
背景情况:
- 数线估计 (NLE) 任务在研究和教育中很常见.
- 一个"左数字效应"或"左数字偏差"显示最左边的数字不成比例地影响数字的位置.
- 以前的研究表明,这种偏见与数字的初始数字有关.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查左数字偏差是否仅限于最左的字面数字.
- 探索数字直线估计中的左数字效应的上下文依赖性.
- 要确定非字面的最左的数字是否也可以表现出偏差.
主要方法:
- 研究1:成年人执行了标准的NLE (0-1000) 和领先的零NLE任务 (例如0398).
- 研究2:成年人完成了领先的零NLE任务 (0398在0-1000) 和领先的零NLE任务 (10398在10000-11000).
- 参与者在不同的条件下估计了数字直线上目标数字的位置.
主要成果:
- 在所有条件下,对百位数的一贯观察到显著的"左数字"偏差.
- 这表明偏差不仅仅取决于数字的绝对最左的数字.
- 任务条件,例如领先的零,可以为非初始位数创建强大的左位数类偏差.
结论:
- 数轴估计中的左位数效应严重依赖上下文.
- 这种偏差可以扩展到数字,而不是数字的字面第一个数字.
- 了解这些特定上下文的偏见对于NLE研究和教学至关重要.
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