在年轻和年长的成年人中,肺功能对极端高温暴露的反应
Elizabeth A Gideon1,2, Zachary J McKenna1,2,3, Josh Foster1,2,4
1Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, Dallas, Texas, United States.
概括
极端高温暴露改善了年轻人和老年人的肺功能. 由于支气管扩张,1秒内强制呼气量 (FEV1) 增加,而老年人强制生命能力 (FVC) 也增加,这表明肺部顺应性得到改善.
科学领域:
- 环境生理学环境生理学
- 肺部医学 肺部医学
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
背景情况:
- 与年轻人相比,老年人表现出肺功能和温度调节的降低.
- 流行病学数据将极端高温暴露与老年人肺部并发症的增加联系在一起.
- 极端高温对健康老年人和年轻成年人的肺功能所产生的特定影响仍未得到充分描述.
研究的目的:
- 研究急性暴露于极端干燥和潮湿的热量对健康的年轻人和老年人的肺功能的影响.
- 为了比较不同年龄组之间的肺部对热暴露的反应.
主要方法:
- 对15名年轻人和15名老年人进行了螺旋测量,在暴露在干燥热环境 (47°C,15%湿度) 或潮湿热环境 (41°C,40%湿度) 中3小时之前和之后.
- 测量包括强迫生命能力 (FVC) 和1秒强迫呼吸量 (FEV1).
主要成果:
- 在干热条件下,年轻人没有显示FVC的显著变化,而老年人显示增加 (P=0.02).
- 无论是年轻人还是老年人,在干热条件下,FEV1都显著增加了 (P=0.003),这表明热引起的支气管扩张.
- 湿热条件在两个年龄组中产生了FVC和FEV1的类似变化.
结论:
- 肺功能,特别是FEV1,在极端高温暴露后在两个年龄组都增加,可能是由于支气管扩张.
- 年长的成年人经历了FVC的额外增加,这可能表明增强了肺系统的遵守性.
- 这些发现表明,在维持水分的条件下,急性热暴露可以在不同年龄组的健康成年人中暂时改善肺功能方面.
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