在模拟牙科手术期间控制病毒气溶分散
Edgar O Beltrán1, James R Allison2, Nicholas S Jakubovics3
1UNICA - Caries Research Unit, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia.
International dental journal
|October 24, 2025
概括
结合高容量疏散 (HVE) 和空气清洁系统 (ACS),在牙科手术期间显著减少空气传播病毒. 这种综合方法提供了最有效的减轻牙科生物气溶,提高了患者和工作人员的安全性.
科学领域:
- 牙科气溶研究
- 在牙科中控制传染病.
- 环境卫生工程 环境卫生工程
背景情况:
- 牙科手术会产生生物气溶,造成病毒在空气中传播的风险.
- 现有的空气清洁系统 (ACS) 和大容量疏散 (HVE) 显示出潜力,但需要进一步研究病毒缓解.
- 缺乏对联合HVE和ACS对空气传播病毒的有效性的全面评估.
研究的目的:
- 评估高容量疏散 (HVE) 和空气清洁系统 (ACS) 的有效性,单独和组合,在模拟牙科手术期间减少气溶颗粒和空气传播病毒.
- 用详细的采样方法和多个痕迹分子来比较HVE和ACS对病毒分散的缓解效应.
- 确定HVE和ACS的最佳组合,以最大限度地减少牙科环境中的病毒传播.
主要方法:
- 使用MS2菌体作为病毒追踪剂和光素溶液用于分散跟踪.
- 模拟的气溶生成程序 (AGP) 与独立添加的标记物到灌系统.
- 与四个气溶缓解条件进行比较:ACS,HVE,ACS加HVE,以及对照 (没有缓解).
- 使用沉积板,板和6级安德森级联冲击器收集气溶,用于病毒空气采样.
- 使用ImageJ和MS2菌体通过斑块检测和RT-qPCR量化光粒子.
主要成果:
- ACS和HVE的组合表明病毒传播和光颗粒的最大减少,特别是在更远的距离.
- 与对照组 (P < .05) 相比,斑块检测显示,ACS加HVE组在气溶大小的病毒载荷显著降低 (93%为>7.0μm,84%为0.65-1.1μm).
- 通过RT-qPCR分析证实,与对照组相比,ACS加HVE可将病毒RNA检测率降低80%以上,超过单独使用ACS或HVE (P < .05).
- 在ACS或HVE条件下在斑块测定中检测到病毒RNA,即使没有传染性病毒,也表明存在残留病毒.
结论:
- 在结合HVE和ACS时观察到协同效应,导致气溶颗粒和病毒的显著减少.
- 结合HVE和ACS是减轻牙科AGP期间病毒扩散的最有效策略.
- 研究结果支持减少预约之间的患者等待时间,并加强在日常牙科实践中使用HVE,面罩和口罩.
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