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甲基因组学揭示了中国baijiu发酵中的潜在抗菌
1School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
Food microbiology
|October 24, 2025
概括
在发酵食品中发现的抗微生物 (AMP) 显示了食品保存的潜力. 研究人员开发了一种新的方法来发现这些AMP,其中8种显示对病原体和腐烂微生物的抗菌活性.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 生物技术是生物技术.
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
背景情况:
- 来自食品发酵微生物群的抗微生物 (AMP) 对食品保存和作为抗微生物剂具有前景.
- 在食品发酵中AMP的生物合成潜力尚不清楚.
- 中国的baijiu发酵被用作探索AMP的模型系统.
研究的目的:
- 从食品发酵微生物群中挖掘抗微生物 (AMP) 的工作流程.
- 识别新的AMP并评估它们的抗菌活性和潜在应用.
- 为了研究一种强大的AMP的作用机制.
主要方法:
- 在AMP挖矿中,元基因组学和机器学习被结合起来.
- 从18个发酵样本中恢复了389个元基因组组装基因组 (MAG).
- 一个机器学习模型预测了414个AMP,包括290个新型的AMP.
主要成果:
- 在实验验证的10种AMP中,有8种对人类病原体和腐烂食品微生物表现出抗菌活性.
- 一个,AMP_22,表现出具有高强度和低细胞毒性的广谱活性.
- AMP_22诱导了细菌细胞膜损伤,抑制了蛋白质合成,并增加了活性氧物种 (ROS).
结论:
- 这项研究提供了一个新的工作流程,用于在食品发酵中发现AMP.
- 食品衍生的AMP,如AMP_22,显示出作为天然食品防腐剂和抗菌剂的巨大潜力.
- AMP_22的机制涉及膜损伤和干扰重要的细胞过程.
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