工程化Metarhizium真菌产生长叶来吸引和杀死蚊子
Dan Tang1, Jiani Chen2, Yubo Zhang1
1State Key Laboratory of Vegetation Structure, Function and Construction (VegLab), MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Nature microbiology
|October 24, 2025
概括
甲基菌通过从受感染的昆虫尸体中释放的挥发性化合物长叶来吸引蚊子. 这一发现增强了基于真菌的蚊子控制策略,通过促进子散播和增加对抗抗性蚊子种群的有效性.
科学领域:
- 昆虫学 昆虫学是一门学科.
- 菌类学 菌类学是指菌类学.
- 化学生态化学生态学
背景情况:
- 蚊子对化学杀虫剂的耐药性需要新的控制方法.
- Metarhizium真菌显示出对蚊子控制的潜力,之前有证据表明受感染的毛虫吸引了蚊子.
- 这种吸引力的机制和应用以前是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究由Metarhizium殖民的尸体释放的挥发性化合物,这些化合物会吸引蚊子.
- 为了确定参与蚊子吸引这些挥发物质的嗅觉受体.
- 为了改造Metarhizium真菌来增强蚊子的吸引力和控制.
主要方法:
- 从Metarhizium感染的昆虫尸体中分析挥发性化合物.
- 在Drosophila melanogaster和Aedes albopictus中识别气味受体.
- 基因工程的Metarhizium pingshaense过度生产长叶烯.
- 测试转基因子在吸引和杀死各种蚊子物种中的有效性.
主要成果:
- 被metarhizium殖民的尸体释放长叶,吸引和感染健康的昆虫.
- 在A. albopictus和D. melanogaster中确定了特定的气味受体.
- 经过工程设计的M. pingshaense产生了高水平的longifolene,有效地吸引并杀死了Aedes albopictus,Anopheles sinensis和Culex pipiens.
- 蚊子的吸引力不受人类的存在的影响,尽管开花植物在吸引力方面竞争,死亡率超过90%.
结论:
- 甲基菌利用长烯进行活跃的子散播,吸引和感染蚊子.
- 工程化metarhizium提供了一种强大,增强的方法来控制蚊子,克服抗虫剂的抵抗力.
- 这项研究揭示了昆虫病原菌的新型机制,改善了生物控制策略.
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