高中投手中投球类型对肘部生物力学的影响
Alex Hodakowski1, Brittany Dowling2, John Streepy3
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
The American journal of sports medicine
|October 25, 2025
概括
快球投球场在高中投球员中产生更高的肘部和扭矩,增加受伤风险. 场地类型和旋转率对肘部扭矩的相关性有限,这表明专注于工作负载管理以预防伤害.
科学领域:
- 棒球投球的生物力学
- 运动伤害预防 运动伤害预防
- 整形外科的研究研究.
背景情况:
- 肘 varus 扭矩是投手受伤的一个关键因素.
- 之前关于投球类型,速度和旋转速率对肘部扭矩的影响的研究是不确定的,特别是在高中运动员中.
- 了解这些因素对于预防年轻投手肘部受伤至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析高中投手在不同球场类型 (快球,换球,破球) 中的肘部瓦鲁斯扭矩,累积扭矩和加载率.
- 为了研究球旋转率和肘部动力学之间的关系.
- 为青少年棒球运动员的伤害预防策略提供数据.
主要方法:
- 一项描述性实验室研究,涉及31名高中球员.
- 使用3D运动捕捉和TrackMan技术来记录投球动力学.
- 计算了肘部瓦鲁斯扭矩,加载率,以及快球,换球和破球的累积扭矩.
主要成果:
- 与打破球和换球相比,快球球场表现出明显更高的球速度和肘部扭矩.
- 快球还显示了更多的累积肘部变速扭矩和加载率.
- 旋转速率和肘部扭矩之间没有发现显著的关系,这表明旋转速率在这个人群的肘部动力学中的作用有限.
结论:
- 快球球场与最高的球速度,肘最大的扭矩,累积扭矩和加载率有关.
- 旋转速率与肘部扭矩没有相关性,这表明它对高中投手的受伤风险或表现的相关性有限.
- 伤害预防策略应该优先考虑工作负载管理和身体发展,而不是专注于特定的投球类型或旋转率.
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