从肠道到血液:屏障功能障碍是心脏代谢疾病中全身低级炎症的驱动因素
Sune K Yang-Jensen1, Nora S Nägele1, Benjamin A H Jensen1
1Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
American journal of physiology. Cell physiology
|October 25, 2025
概括
肠道屏障功能障碍驱动慢性炎症和非传染性疾病,如肥胖和MASLD. 恢复肠道完整性为这些疾病提供了治疗潜力.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 慢性,轻度炎症是非传染性疾病的关键因素,包括肥胖,代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝病 (MASLD) 和神经退行.
- 肠道屏障功能障碍和细菌转移越来越多地与将环境/代谢压力因素与全身炎症联系在一起.
研究的目的:
- 阐明肠道屏障功能障碍促进全身炎症并导致肥胖相关疾病的机制.
- 审查有关肠肝和肠血管轴在疾病传播中的临床前和临床数据.
- 要突出新兴的干预措施恢复肠道屏障的完整性.
主要方法:
- 分析肥胖症中肠道微生物群组成的变化 (例如,有益种群的枯竭,促炎性细菌的丰富).
- 对紧密结蛋白表达 (occludin,claudins,ZO-1) 和血管透性标记物 (PV-1) 的评估.
- 评估宿主防御分泌和粘液层完整性的评估.
- 整合临床前和临床数据,将肠道变化与系统性炎症和疾病联系起来.
主要成果:
- 肥胖会改变肠道微生物群,减少紧结蛋白,增加血管透性,促进细菌转移 (例如,LPS).
- 这一过程激活了托尔类受体4 (TLR4),导致细胞因子驱动的全身炎症.
- 肠道屏障功能障碍有助于MASLD,胰岛素耐药性和通过肠肝和肠血管轴的血管功能障碍.
结论:
- 肠道屏障功能障碍是肥胖相关疾病中炎症的关键调解者.
- 通过SCFA补充剂,GLP-2激动剂或宿主防御等干预措施恢复肠道屏障完整性是一种有前途的治疗策略.
- 了解肠道作为宿主环境接口对于打击全球肥胖相关疾病流行病至关重要.
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