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在长时间运行时,热应激会损害外源碳水化合物氧化,而在保持无水化时会损害碳水化合物氧化
Loïs Mougin1, Maisie Horner1, Dylan Edwards1
1School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom.
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|October 25, 2025
概括
在炎热的天气中跑步显著减少了约20%的外源碳水化合物氧化,即使保持了水分. 这表明热应激会影响碳水化合物使用,增加对内源性能量储存的依赖.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 环境生理学环境生理学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 外源碳水化合物氧化对于耐力表现至关重要.
- 热应激对外部碳水化合物代谢的影响,独立于脱水,需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定热环境对温和环境在稳定状态运行期间对外原性碳水化合物氧化的影响.
- 为了评估内源碳水化合物在热应激下的贡献,同时保持无水化.
主要方法:
- 十名训练有素的跑步者在温和 (19°C) 和热 (34°C) 条件下完成了两次100分钟的跑步试验.
- 参与者通过饮用水来补充~90%的体重损失,并摄入富含[U-13C]葡萄糖 (60克/小时) 的35%乳糖溶液来维持水解.
- 分析过期的呼吸和血液样本以测量外源碳水化合物氧化率,同时监测胃肠道温度和心率.
主要成果:
- 外源碳水化合物氧化率在温暖的环境中相比于温和的环境显著降低~20% (平均值:0.43比0.54g/min;峰值:0.67比0.81g/min).
- 总碳水化合物氧化在条件之间没有显著差异,这表明在高温下对内源性碳水化合物储量 (2.10对1.86g/min) 的依赖更大.
- 在炎热状态下,胃肠道温度和心率升高,表明生理应变增加.
结论:
- 仅仅热应激,即便保持了水解,也会在长时间运行中显著减少外源性碳水化合物氧化.
- 在炎热的环境中炼的运动员可能需要调整碳水化合物摄入策略,以考虑到外部燃料利用率的下降.
- 在热应激下,对内源性碳水化合物储存的依赖性更大,如果不适当管理,可能会影响耐力能力.
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