女性超级马拉松跑步者的妇科健康
Julia H Snow1, Lillian R Brouwer1, Joshua C Nichols1,2
1Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA.
Wilderness & environmental medicine
|October 25, 2025
概括
与普通人群相比,女性超级马拉松跑步者经历更高的不规则月经和二次 amenorrhea. 尿失禁也似乎在老年女性超级耐力运动员中更为普遍.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 妇科健康 妇科健康
- 耐力田径运动 耐力田径运动
背景情况:
- 在超级马拉松比赛中,女性的参与度正在增加.
- 在女性超耐力运动员中,潜在的妇科健康影响,包括月经变化和骨盆底功能障碍,尚不清楚.
- 超级马拉松具有独特的挑战,如极端距离,多样化的地形和不可预测的天气.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究超级马拉松跑步对女性运动员的妇科健康影响.
- 将女性超级马拉松运动员的月经不规则和尿失禁的患病率与一般女性人口进行比较.
主要方法:
- 在两个超级马拉松比赛 (50公里) 中,对女性参与者进行了一项调查.
- 收集的数据包括年龄,更年期状态,分娩史,月经周期的规律性,二次 amenorrhea 和尿失禁.
- 统计分析将结果与一般女性人口进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 46%的绝经前超级马拉松运动员报告月经周期不规则,明显高于一般人群 (P<0.001).
- 29%的人报告了二次缺血,也高于一般人群,与40岁以上的年龄相关 (OR=8.83,P=0.008).
- 39%的跑步者报告尿失禁 (UI),其患病率明显高于一般人群 (P<0.001).
结论:
- 女超级马拉松运动员的月经不规律和二次 amenorrhea 的比例明显更高.
- 在40岁以上的女性超级耐力运动员中,尿失禁的患病率可能会增加.
- 需要对参加野外和耐力运动的女性运动员的妇科结果进行进一步的研究.
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