家庭垃圾收集点的位置问题与最近的分配和废物分类在农村西安中国
Hongmei Li1, Yazhuo Hou1, Taibo Luo2
1School of Economics and Management, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, Shaanxi, China.
Waste management (New York, N.Y.)
|October 25, 2025
概括
在中国,优化农村家庭废物管理需要战略性的收集点. 本研究引入了使用废物类型特定半径的模型,并考虑居民附近,降低成本和改善垃圾桶使用情况.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 运营研究 运营研究
- 废物管理 废物管理
背景情况:
- 中国农村的家庭废物管理面临重大挑战.
- 高效的废物收集点设置对于提高管理效率至关重要.
- 居民的处置习惯和废物分类影响收集策略.
研究的目的:
- 开发整数编程模型,以优化农村垃圾收集点位置和垃圾箱分配.
- 为了最大限度地降低总成本,包括对食品浪费需求波动的设置,运营和罚款成本.
- 纳入废物类型特定的覆盖半径和最小可接受距离 (解决NIMBYism).
主要方法:
- 制定两个整数编程模型:一个用于确定性需求,另一个用于可变性食物浪费需求.
- 基于拉格朗的放松来解决模型的启发式算法的开发.
- 在农村西安应用案例研究,以验证模型和算法.
主要成果:
- 异质覆盖半径有效降低总成本,提高垃圾箱利用率,对步行距离的影响最小.
- 综合食品浪费需求波动的处罚成本,可以最大限度地减少处罚,而不会增加设施设置成本.
- 最佳的解决方案包括对设施位置,垃圾箱分配的战略调整,以及增加特定的食品垃圾箱.
结论:
- 提出的模型和算法为优化农村废物收集系统提供了可行和有效的方法.
- 根据废物类型量身定制覆盖半径是降低成本和提高效率的关键策略.
- 通过惩罚性成本和适应性垃圾箱分配来解决需求变化对于可持续的废物管理至关重要.
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