评估盖尔模型:乳腺癌风险评估中的种族差异
Melissa Rangel1, Shirlene Paul1, Dipti Gupta1
1Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
Annals of surgical oncology
|October 26, 2025
概括
盖尔模型低估了黑人女性的乳腺癌风险. 尽管诊断率相似,但与白人女性相比,黑人女性不太可能被该模型归类为高风险 (HR).
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学医学信息学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 盖尔模型是一种乳腺癌风险评估工具,最初是基于主要来自白人女性的数据开发的.
- 尽管对不同人群进行了重新校准,但仍然存在对低估某些种族群体乳腺癌风险的担忧.
研究的目的:
- 评估盖尔模型在不同种族群体的乳腺癌风险分类方面的表现.
- 在高风险 (HR) 分类中识别潜在的种族差异.
主要方法:
- 一项回顾性研究分析了31256名年龄在25-75岁的女性的电子医疗记录,这些女性接受了乳房造影.
- 该队列包括各种种族群体:11589名黑人/非洲裔美国人,11008名白人,5872名西班牙裔/拉丁裔,1429名亚裔和1358名其他种族群体.
主要成果:
- 在种族群体之间观察到高风险 (HR) 分类的显著差异.
- 白人女性的人力资源分类率最高 (11.4%).
- 与白人女性相比,黑人女性在HR分类的几率比率 (OR = 0.23) 显著较低,即使在对其他变量进行控制后也是如此. 黑人 (1.57%) 和白人 (1.6%) 妇女的乳腺癌诊断率相似.
结论:
- 盖尔模型证明了高风险分类中的种族差异.
- 黑人女性不太可能被确定为高风险女性,尽管癌症发病率与白人女性相比较.
- 这突显了风险评估算法中基于种族的变量的潜在限制.
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