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在精英体育运动中,高度或热量训练以增加血红蛋白质量和耐力运动表现

Carsten Lundby¹, Paul Robach²

¹Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.

The Journal of physiology

|October 26, 2025

概括

高空训练和热训练都会增加精英运动员的血红蛋白质量,但个体反应有很大的不同. 运动员应该进行实验,找出哪种方法,缺氧或热量,他们能最好地容忍最佳表现.

科学领域:

运动科学运动科学运动科学
运动生理学运动生理学
环境生理学环境生理学

背景情况:

高空训练是精英耐力运动中长期存在的一种方法,旨在通过增加血红蛋白质量等生理适应来提高运动表现.
高空训练的有效性是基于这样的前提:低氧暴露会导致表现改善,尽管个体反应可能非常可变.
热训练已经成为一种流行的替代方案,涉及在温暖的环境中炼或使用保留热量的衣服.

研究的目的:

审查精英运动员对高海拔和热量训练的生理适应.
为了比较对低氧和热应激反应的有效性和个体变异性.
为精英运动员提供有关实施高度或热量训练的建议.

主要方法:

审查现有的关于高空训练和热训练的文献.
分析生理反应,特别是血红蛋白质量和运动表现.
讨论适应低氧和热暴露的个体变异性.

主要成果:

对低氧暴露的生理适应,例如血红蛋白质量的增加,显示出显著的个体变异性,从最小到实质性的范围.
在不同训练营的个体水平上,高度训练反应的可重现性仍然是不确定的.
热训练在3-5周后始终导致血红蛋白质量大幅增加,但相关的性能增长通常很小.
热训练应该被认为是高度训练的潜在替代品,但不能牺牲精英运动员准备的其他关键方面.

结论:

高空和热训练都能增加血红蛋白质量,但反应的大小高度个性化.
精英运动员应该考虑尝试热量和高度训练,以确定基于个人耐受性和反应的最佳方法.
缺氧和暴露于热量之间的选择应该是个性化的,以确保足够的耐受性和最大限度地提高训练效益.

关键词:

高度的高度高度的高度.运动就是炼身体.热量热量热量热量热量业绩表现表现的表现表现是什么培训培训培训培训培训培训培训

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