轮班工作对护士认知和运动能力的影响:系统性审查和元分析
Fadime Ulupınar1, Süleyman Ulupınar2
1Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey.
Worldviews on evidence-based nursing
|October 27, 2025
概括
夜班工作显著损害护士的认知和运动性能,增加了患者安全风险. 优化时间安排和休息时间等策略对于减轻这些负面影响至关重要.
科学领域:
- 护理和医疗保健管理管理
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 人类因素工程 人类因素工程
背景情况:
- 轮班工作,特别是夜班,会对护士的认知和运动功能产生负面影响.
- 轮班时间和轮换模式的变化加剧了这些不良影响.
- 性能下降可能会损害患者的安全和医疗保健质量.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估不同轮班工作时间表对护士认知和运动表现的影响.
- 识别导致绩效下降的特定轮班特征.
- 为基于证据的策略提供信息,以减轻与护理中轮班工作相关的风险.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Cochrane图书馆和科学网上进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 包括224个数据点的222项研究,使用ROBINS-I工具进行质量评估.
- 使用Python进行随机效应元分析,使用Cochran的Q和I2统计数据评估异质性.
主要成果:
- 夜班的表现明显下降 (Hedges' g = 0.386),而白天班的表现下降较小 (Hedges' g = 0.238).
- 在所有轮班类型中,整体电机性能表现出适度的影响大小 (Hedges' g = 0.326).
- 与日班相比,不规则的班次条件导致表现下降 (Hedges' g = 0.220),夜班的异质性很高 (I2 = 86.8%).
结论:
- 轮班工作,特别是夜班,严重损害护士的认知和运动功能,对患者的安全构成风险.
- 班次持续时间和轮换模式的变化有助于性能异质性.
- 实施优化时间安排,结构化的休息时间和支持性的工作环境对于减轻不良影响和提高医疗保健质量至关重要.
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