使用无标记的运动捕捉来探索解决动力学和基于负载的解决技术熟练程度的变化
Lara Paul1,2, Zubair Martins3, Demi Davidow1,2,4
1Division of Physiological Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Journal of sports sciences
|October 27, 2025
概括
在技术上熟练的橄球球更强大,在接触时肩膀的力量更高. 然而,对球员的外部负荷可能在所有球技巧熟练程度上都是相似的.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 橄球联盟绩效分析
背景情况:
- 了解球技巧对于防止受伤和在橄球中的表现至关重要.
- 玩家负载TM和动力学分析提供了对身体炼和运动模式的客观测量.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究解决技术熟练程度,PlayerLoadTM和解决动力学之间的关系.
- 根据技术得分识别,识别基于杆的生物力学差异.
主要方法:
- 20名业余男橄球运动员使用接触模拟器进行模拟球.
- 使用PlayerLoadTM和无标记运动捕捉来收集动态数据.
- 根据特定的标准,解决方案被分为低,中,高能力组.
主要成果:
- 与较低得分的 tackles (7.9 kW) 相比,更高得分的 tackles 在接触点 (27.8 kW) 显示出显著更大的肩力.
- 肩部力方向不同,较低的技术分数显示力向与球相反的方向.
- 尽管在熟练的击中增加了力量,但球员所经历的整体外部负载在所有技术水平上都是可比的.
结论:
- 在技术上熟练的橄球球的特点是肩部接触时的功率输出更高.
- 在接触点有效施加力是应对功率的关键,不一定是更高的外部负载.
- 客观的生物机械分析可以区分解决技术熟练程度,告知培训策略.
相关概念视频
Work and Energy for Variable Forces
When an object is acted upon by a variable force, the amount of work done and the change in energy of the object can be more complex to calculate compared to when a constant force is applied. Work is the product of force and displacement, while energy is the capacity of a system to do work. When a constant force is applied to an object, the work done can be calculated as the product of the force and the distance moved in the direction of the force. However, when a variable force is applied, the...
Basic Concept
Engineering mechanics is a branch of engineering that studies motion and the forces acting on objects. It is a fundamental subject and forms the basis of many other engineering disciplines. Length, time, mass, and force are some basic concepts in engineering mechanics.
Length, which measures the distance traveled by an object, is a fundamental concept in engineering mechanics. We use coordinates relative to a reference point to describe the distance. Length not only helps to describe the...
Length, which measures the distance traveled by an object, is a fundamental concept in engineering mechanics. We use coordinates relative to a reference point to describe the distance. Length not only helps to describe the...
Non-conservative Forces
Non-conservative forces are dissipative forces such as friction or air resistance. These forces take energy away from a system as it progresses. Unlike conservative forces, non-conservative forces do not have potential energy associated with them. This is because the energy is lost to the system and cannot be turned into useful work later.
Also unlike their conservative counterparts, they are path-dependent; where the object starts and stops does matter. For example, a grinding wheel applies a...
Also unlike their conservative counterparts, they are path-dependent; where the object starts and stops does matter. For example, a grinding wheel applies a...
Power Expended by a Constant Force
The relationship between work done and the time taken to do it can be explained using the concept of power. For example, several sprinters in a race may have the same velocity when they reach the finish line, therefore doing the same amount of work, but the winner does it in the least amount of time. Thus, power is defined as the rate of doing work. Since work can vary as a function of time, the average power is defined as the work done during a time interval, divided by the time interval.
Impact Loading
Impact loading occurs when a moving object collides with a stationary structure, such as a rod with a uniform cross-sectional area fixed at one end. Under these conditions, the rod absorbs the kinetic energy from the striking object, leading to deformation and subsequent stress development. As the rod returns to its original position and reaches maximum stress, the absorbed energy, initially manifested as kinetic energy, transforms entirely into strain energy.
In cases of elastic deformation,...
In cases of elastic deformation,...
Conservative Forces
Conservative forces are an essential concept in the field of mechanical engineering. Understanding the properties and characteristics of these forces is crucial to the design and analysis of mechanical systems.
Conservative forces are forces that are dependent only on the initial and final positions of an object and that are independent of the path that the object takes between these positions. These forces conserve energy, which means that the work done by the force is independent of the path...
Conservative forces are forces that are dependent only on the initial and final positions of an object and that are independent of the path that the object takes between these positions. These forces conserve energy, which means that the work done by the force is independent of the path...


