在西班牙Km 0地中海沿岸人口中,普遍存在低地中海饮食坚持和低叶酸状态
Ailende Eigbefoh-Addeh1, Albert Salas-Huetos1,2,3, Carla Ramos-Rodríguez4
1Unit of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, IISPV, ANUT-DSM Research Group, 43201, Reus, Spain.
Current research in food science
|October 27, 2025
概括
这项研究发现,虽然地中海饮食与更好的叶酸水平有关,但许多成年人仍然缺乏足够的叶酸摄入量和状态. 食品强化政策可能是必要的,以防止叶酸缺乏在这个人群.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 叶酸,维生素B12, рибофлавин和维生素B6对于单碳代谢至关重要.
- 这些B族维生素对于许多生理功能至关重要.
- 了解它们在没有强制性强化的人口中的地位很重要.
研究的目的:
- 在地中海成年人群中评估关键B族维生素 (叶酸,B12, рибофлавин,B6) 的摄入量和状态.
- 为了研究地中海饮食坚持 (MDA) 和B族维生素状态之间的关系.
- 为了确定未接触到食品强化或补充的人群的潜在缺陷.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及740名成年人 (年龄在18-77岁之间) 的横截面研究,其中包括饮食记录和血液样本.
- 使用Trichopoulou分数进行评估的地中海饮食坚持 (MDA).
- 通过血和红细胞叶酸,血维生素B12,以及 riboflavin (EGRAC) 和维生素B6 (EASTAC) 的红细胞激活系数来确定B维生素状态.
主要成果:
- 很大比例的参与者摄入不够的叶酸 (39.5%), рибофлавин (20.1%) 和维生素B6 (19.6%).
- 叶酸缺乏标志物 (低血叶酸,低红血细胞叶酸) 分别在18.6%和1.5%的参与者中观察到.
- 较高的MDA与改善的叶酸摄入量和血/RBC叶酸水平有关,但与其他B族维生素无关.
结论:
- 虽然更高的地中海饮食坚持与更好的叶酸状况有关,但相当一部分人口表现出不充分的叶酸摄入量和缺乏.
- 叶酸缺乏症甚至存在于MDA高的个体中,这表明仅仅坚持饮食是不够的.
- 强制性食品强化政策可能是合理的,以解决和预防叶酸缺乏在这个人群.
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