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医疗学生和专业人员对已故器官捐献的认识,态度和看法:混合方法研究
Prasad Vg1, Anaswara Mb2, Mamatha Jayachandran3
1Centre for Allied Health Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham - Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, IND.
Cureus
|October 27, 2025
概括
医疗保健专业人员 医疗保健专业人员
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 移植医学 移植医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 已故器官捐献对于解决全球器官短缺和降低长期治疗成本至关重要.
- 医疗保健专业人员显著影响公众对器官捐献的看法和参与.
- 了解未来和当前医疗保健提供者的意识,态度和看法对于改善捐赠率至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估医学和相关卫生学生和初级/高级医务人员对已故器官捐献的认识,态度和看法.
- 在医疗保健专业人员和学生中识别与已故器官捐赠相关的知识差距,障碍和促进者.
主要方法:
- 一个混合方法研究,结合了定量 (问卷) 和定性 (采访) 数据收集.
- 参与者包括45名医学学生,35名医疗科学系 (AHS) 学生,63名初级医生和21名来自高等医疗大学教学医院的高级医生.
- 定量数据被描述性地分析,定性数据被主题性地分析.
主要成果:
- 人们对器官捐献的认识很高 (99.3%),但存在重大知识差距,特别是关于脑死亡可逆性的知识差距 (多达11.4%的误解).
- 对器官捐献法律的认识因群体而异 (20%的AHS学生到85.7%的高级医生).
- 捐赠的意愿很高 (84.1%),与捐赠者注册率低 (13.4%),以及包括家庭影响,文化信仰和缺乏流程知识在内的障碍形成对比.
结论:
- 需要有针对性的教育干预措施来解决特定的知识缺陷,特别是关于脑死亡和法律框架.
- 加强医疗保健专业人员的参与,解决文化问题,提高透明度对于促进捐助者参与至关重要.
- 将器官捐献教育纳入医学课程,并利用数字媒体,可以提高公众的信任和捐献率.
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