婴儿CD4T细胞对SARS-CoV-2mRNA疫苗的反应受限于细胞因子的生产,并被疫苗制造商修改
M Quinn Peters1, Amber L Young2,3, Jennifer E Stolarczuk2,4
1Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Open forum infectious diseases
|October 27, 2025
概括
与成年人相比,婴儿对SARS-CoV-2mRNA疫苗的CD4T细胞反应较弱,细胞因子的产生有限. 抗体水平保持相似,突出显示了疫苗接种后细胞免疫力的差异.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- mRNA疫苗对于保护婴儿免受SARS-CoV-2病毒感染至关重要.
- 虽然婴儿的抗体反应很强,但疫苗接种后CD4 T细胞质量尚不清楚.
- CD4 T 细胞对于协调免疫反应和可能限制疾病严重程度至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述和比较 CD4 T 细胞对婴儿和成人 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA 疫苗接种的反应.
- 评估T细胞反应的质量,包括细胞因子的产生和多功能性.
主要方法:
- 分析了mRNA疫苗接种前后的13名婴儿的血液样本.
- 来自12名接种疫苗的成年人的样本作为对照组.
- 通过尖峰池刺激周围血液单核细胞,以使用COMPASS算法量化细胞因子分泌 (Th1,Th2,Th17) 和多功能性.
主要成果:
- 婴儿在接种疫苗后增加了IL-2和TNF-α产生CD4T细胞,但与成年人相比,IFN-γ反应减弱.
- 成年人在接种疫苗后表现出强大的IFN-γ,IL-2和TNF-α生产.
- 在这两组中,Th2和Th17反应有限;mRNA-1273在婴儿中诱导的反应比BNT162b更强. 在两组中,高峰特异性IgG标位相似.
结论:
- 与成年人相比,婴儿在SARS-CoV-2mRNA疫苗接种后显示出细胞因子产生CD4T细胞的受限诱导.
- 这表明婴儿mRNA疫苗诱导的细胞免疫反应质量可能存在差异.
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