对于患有高功能自闭症谱系障碍的儿童和青少年的社会技能干预:叙述性审查
Yijie Wang1,2, Wanxue Hu1,2, Xinying Li1,2
1Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Translational pediatrics
|October 27, 2025
概括
认知行为疗法 (CBT) 和自然主义干预 (NI) 在高功能自闭症谱系障碍 (HFASD) 中显示出对社会技能的有效性. 对艺术疗法和其他方法需要更多的研究.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 社会技能缺陷是高功能自闭症谱系障碍 (HFASD) 患者的主要挑战.
- 许多干预策略已经出现,以解决这些儿童和青少年的社会技能缺陷.
- 需要进行全面的审查,以了解当前的研究状况和局限性.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和分析对患有HFASD的儿童和青少年的社会技能干预研究.
- 确定有效的干预类别,并突出需要进一步研究的领域.
- 为从业者和护理人员提供基于证据的建议.
主要方法:
- 从2014年到2024年,主要数据库 (ERIC,PsycINFO,PubMed,Web of Science) 进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 选择和分析了39项符合排除标准的同行评审研究.
- 干预方法根据理论基础和实施进行了分类.
主要成果:
- 确定了21种不同的干预方法,并分为四类:认知行为疗法 (CBT),自然主义干预 (NI),艺术疗法和各种.
- 基于CBT和NI的干预表明了有效性的显著证据.
- 艺术疗法显示了一些经验支持,而各种方法缺乏强有力的证据,经常使用非随机设计;许多研究的样本大小很小.
结论:
- 认知行为疗法 (CBT) 和自然主义干预 (NI) 是推用于儿童和青少年的社会技能发展与HFASD.
- 为了验证艺术疗法和各种干预方法的有效性,对更大的样本大小进行进一步的严格研究至关重要.
- 这些发现指导了基于证据的干预措施的选择,并突出了当前研究环境中的差距.
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