所有权效应对中国儿童学习成绩的影响:在选择和分配所有权获取风格之间的比较研究
Taiping Li1, Baoquan Lu1, Huifen Wu2
1School of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Frontiers in psychology
|October 27, 2025
概括
对于中国儿童来说,选择学习中的所有权比分配更能提高成绩. 母亲的参与等于自我参与,而朋友有所帮助,但教师阻碍了学习成果.
科学领域:
- 教育心理学教育心理学
- 跨文化心理学 跨文化心理学
- 认知发展 认知发展
背景情况:
- 所有权效应影响学习和记忆,先前的研究研究了儿童通过选择与赋予所有权来学习.
- 文化背景显著调节所有权效应,影响学习成绩.
- 在相互依赖的环境中,特别是与熟悉的参与者一起,所有权获取风格对中国儿童的影响仍未得到充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 通过两种所有权获取方式 (选择和分配) 调查中国儿童 (年龄为7-9岁) 对学习成绩的所有权影响的差异.
- 检查所有权条件 (自我,母亲,朋友,老师,其他人) 在相互依存的文化背景下对学习成绩的影响.
- 在不同的所有权条件下,确定将亲密的他人参与学习过程的有效性.
主要方法:
- 一个独立的双因素混合实验设计: 2 (所有权获取风格:选择与分配) × 3 (所有权条件:自己,母亲/朋友/老师,其他人).
- 参与者:每次实验中,大约有80名三年级的中国学生 (7-9岁).
- 程序:参与者根据颜色暗示 (分配) 或自选 (选择) 将图片放入篮子中,然后进行自由回忆任务. 使用重复测量ANOVA对正确的自由回忆率进行分析的数据.
主要成果:
- 选择所有权获取风格的学习表现明显好于分配风格.
- 母亲和自我所有条件在学习表现上没有显著差异,两者都表现优于"其他"条件.
- 自我所有权超过了朋友所有权,这反过来也超过了"其他人"的条件. 教师所有权表现与"其他人"没有显著差异.
结论:
- 对于中国儿童来说,母亲参与学习的好处与自己参与所有权教学情况一样.
- 朋友的参与提高了学习表现,虽然不如自我参与,而教师的参与产生了最差的结果.
- 对于相互依赖的文化背景来说,建议使用所有权教学,特别是选择方法,强调家庭和同行角色,并考虑教育政策中的文化影响.
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