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美国成年人的能源不安全和心理健康症状
1Carter School of Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta.
JAMA network open
|October 27, 2025
概括
能源不安全,即无法满足家庭能源需求,与美国成年人的抑郁和焦虑症状增加有关. 这些发现凸显了解决能源不安全问题的方案的必要性,以改善心理健康结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
- 健康的社会经济决定因素
背景情况:
- 能源不安全,定义为无法满足家庭能源需求,在美国越来越令人担忧.
- 在全国范围内,能源不安全对心理健康的影响尚不清楚.
- 了解这些影响对于制定有针对性的健康干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在美国成年人中调查能源不安全与抑郁和焦虑症状之间的联系.
- 量化缺乏足够的家庭能源的心理健康后果.
- 为旨在减轻能源不安全不利影响的公共卫生战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用来自美国人口普查局家庭脉冲调查 (2022年12月 - 2024年9月) 的重复横截面,全国代表性调查数据.
- 通过诸如无法支付能源账单,保持不健康的家庭温度和放弃能源成本的必需品等因素来评估能源不安全性.
- 采用了针对抑郁和焦虑症状的验证问卷,使用加权后勤回归调整以社会人口统计因素进行分析.
主要成果:
- 很大一部分美国成年人 (43.3%) 报告说,他们至少遇到了能源不安全的一个组成部分.
- 与同行相比,能源不安全的人报告抑郁和焦虑症状的几率更高.
- 在调整了健康的社会决定因素后,能源不安全与焦虑 (OR,2.29) 和抑郁 (OR,2.31) 的几率增加有很强的关联.
结论:
- 在美国成年人中,能源不安全与不良的心理健康症状,包括抑郁和焦虑,有显著的联系.
- 鉴于家庭能源不安全的预计增加,这些发现强调了政策干预的紧迫性.
- 该研究提供了关键证据,以指导政策制定者制定联邦资助的援助计划,以解决能源不安全及其心理健康后果.
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