"这是一个monkeylope! ":关于创建新词的因素的注册报告
Fritz Günther1, Laura Raveling1, Felix Baier1
1Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin.
Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition
|October 27, 2025
概括
母语使用者创造新的词语,以获得感知到的好处,尽管存在通信风险. 这项研究发现概念距离,响应格式和任务设置会影响新词的创造,但不会影响词的频率.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
背景情况:
- 母语使用者经常创造新的单词,平衡沟通风险与感知优势.
- 了解影响新词创造的因素对于心理语言学和认知科学至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在受控的实验环境中,系统地研究影响新词的创造因素.
- 测试从Gricean实用原则和关于新词形成的共同基础理论中得出的假设.
主要方法:
- 参与者使用开放格式或单词引用动物图像 (概念距离不同).
- 实验操纵图像呈现 (隔离,分心因素) 和重复,以评估对新词标签的影响.
- 测量和分析了新词响应频率与概念距离,频率,响应格式和任务设置.
主要成果:
- 概念距离,响应格式和实验任务设置显著影响了新词响应的频率.
- 对于目标频率或分心频率没有观察到任何显著的影响,这表明在这种情况下,共同点没有影响新词的创造.
- 参与者表现出倾向于过度说明答案,偏离严格遵守务实原则.
结论:
- 新词的创造受到概念的语义距离,响应格式的约束和实验任务的影响.
- 这些发现挑战了共同基础理论在解释在这些特定的实验条件下新词形成的直接适用性.
- 参与者的过度规范表明,语言生产中的沟通效率和认知处理之间存在复杂的相互作用.
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