在NHS的碳报告实践:与人工智能相关的排放和省略
1Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Journal of medical Internet research
|October 27, 2025
概括
英国国家卫生服务 (NHS) 的人工智能 (AI) 有一个隐藏的碳足迹. 本研究确定了报告缺陷,并提出了用于准确净零评估人工智能采用的解决方案.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 可持续技术 可持续技术
背景情况:
- 英国国家卫生服务 (NHS) 正在整合人工智能 (AI) 以提高效率.
- 人工智能在NHS中的碳足迹在当前的绿色计划报告中基本上没有得到解决.
- 现有的碳核算框架 (Scopes 1-3) 无法捕获与人工智能相关的重大排放.
研究的目的:
- 识别与人工智能实施相关的NHS碳报告中的遗漏.
- 为会计和采购提出可行的措施,以评估AI对净零目标的影响.
- 为了使医疗保健领导者能够准确地评估AI对可持续发展目标的贡献或损害.
主要方法:
- 审查NHS可持续性指导和DEFRA转换因子.
- 对人工智能能源消耗和硬件排放的最新证据的分析.
- 对生成AI使用数据 (例如,ChatGPT) 的推断,以估计初级保健排放.
主要成果:
- 目前的碳核算错过了人工智能排放,因为缺乏针对强烈工作负载的细节性.
- 专门的AI硬件 (例如GPU) 的生命周期排放往往被排除在外.
- 像ChatGPT这样的非采购生成人工智能工具代表着一个重要的未测量排放源,可能每年在初级保健中释放大量的CO2e.
结论:
- 建议在供应商合同中实施AI特定的碳披露条款.
- 包括人工智能硬件的摇篮到坟墓的排放因子在范围3报告中至关重要.
- 轻量级监控外部AI流量,以道德考虑,可以提高准确性.
- 这些措施将为评估AI与NHS净零目标的协调提供更清晰的基准.
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