重新构想作为政策的预康复:减少疼痛,阿片类药物使用和手术风险的多维框架

Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski1,2, Morgan P Lorio3, Igor Elman4,5

  • 1Division Personalized Pain Research and Education, Center for Advanced Spine Care of Southern Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA business@tucsonspine.com.

概括

这项研究提出了手术预康复的全人框架,整合了生物,心理,社会,精神和存在的领域,以改善患者的准备和减少阿片类药物依赖.

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