重新构想作为政策的预康复:减少疼痛,阿片类药物使用和手术风险的多维框架
Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski1,2, Morgan P Lorio3, Igor Elman4,5
1Division Personalized Pain Research and Education, Center for Advanced Spine Care of Southern Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA business@tucsonspine.com.
International journal of spine surgery
|October 27, 2025
概括
这项研究提出了手术预康复的全人框架,整合了生物,心理,社会,精神和存在的领域,以改善患者的准备和减少阿片类药物依赖.
科学领域:
- 综合医学是一个整体的医学.
- 在外科手术后的护理
- 神经生物学 神经生物学 神经生物学
背景情况:
- 传统的手术预康复侧重于生物机械调节,对于患有复杂疼痛特征的患者来说是不够的,包括阿片类药物暴露,创伤和心理社会困扰.
- 对预康复的减少主义方法未能解决患者准备进行手术的多面性质.
研究的目的:
- 引入一个全面的,整体的人为外科准备的框架.
- 该模型将神经生物学机制与临床实践和政策考虑相结合.
- 该框架旨在通过解决健康的多个维度来提高患者对手术的准备.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个五个领域的框架 (生物学,心理,社会,精神,存在),将准备不足与神经生物学机制联系起来.
- 基于证据的干预措施,如物理治疗,认知行为疗法,社会支持联系,牧师和反思性实践被确定为每个领域.
- 该模型包括实施的途径:选,分选,有针对性的干预措施和结果跟踪,使用标准化的评估工具和计费代码.
主要成果:
- 拟议的框架使患者护理的途径变得可操作,包括查,分拣,干预和结果监测.
- 追踪的关键结果包括疼痛,功能,阿片类药物使用 (吗啡毫克相当),停留时间,再入院,抑郁,焦虑和疼痛灾难化.
- 这种模式与风险调整的支付结构保持一致,可以整合到手术后增强恢复计划中.
结论:
- 将预康复重新定义为神经生物学上知情的,全人准备提供了一个低风险的,非药物战略.
- 这种方法可以减少患者的痛苦,改善对护理的参与,并增强术后疼痛管理和恢复.
- 该框架旨在减少对阿片类药物的依赖,并改善整体外科结果.
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