精准医学在治疗非传染性疾病中的应用:系统性审查
Shuang Liang1, Elizabeth Kennedy2, Nyree Gale2
1Implementation to Impact, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. shuang.liang4@unsw.edu.au.
Journal of translational medicine
|October 28, 2025
概括
针对非传染性疾病 (NCDs) 实施精准医学,由于证据碎片化,进展缓慢. 有针对性的策略和强有力的评估对于将精准医学纳入常规医疗保健至关重要.
科学领域:
- 实施科学 实施科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 精准医学是一门精准的医学.
背景情况:
- 非传染性疾病 (NCD) 构成了全球重大健康和经济挑战.
- 精准医学为非传染性疾病提供量身定制的干预措施,但实施缓慢.
- 本综述探讨了在非传染性疾病中实施精准医学的障碍,促进因素,策略和结果.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查对非传染性疾病的精准医学的实施情况.
- 确定与精准医学实施相关的关键障碍,促进者,战略和结果.
- 了解将精准医学整合到针对非传染性疾病的公共卫生计划中的挑战.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Embase,CINAHL和Web of Science的系统搜索直到2024年11月.
- 包括从2014年起的文章,重点关注精准医学,非传染性疾病,实施和公共卫生.
- 使用实施科学框架 (CFIR 2.0,ERIC,Proctor的结果) 和偏差评估的QuADs工具.
主要成果:
- 68项研究符合纳入标准;64项报告了实施决定因素 (障碍/促进因素).
- 关键障碍包括"获取知识/信息"和"工作基础设施";"融资"是显著的排斥障碍.
- 采用是最常见的实施结果;服务和患者的结果 (有效性,死亡率,发病率) 一般是积极的.
结论:
- 对非传染性疾病的精准医学的实施证据在理论上是分散的,这阻碍了成功模式的识别.
- 需要有针对性的战略和强有力的结果评估,以实施科学为指导.
- 精准医学的有效整合到日常医疗保健中需要进一步的研究和战略规划.
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