了解黎巴嫩酸面粉面包背后的微生物物种多样性和特定制作技术
Pamela Bechara1,2, Lucie Arnould2, Olivier Rué3,4
1Department of Food Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut 14-6573, Lebanon.
Journal of applied microbiology
|October 28, 2025
概括
黎巴嫩酸面粉面包制作实践显著影响微生物群落. 传统酵母面的频繁反向和更高的水分/温度有利于特定的细菌和酵母,如Fructilactobacillus sanfranciscensis和Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
科学领域:
- 食品科学与技术 食品科学与技术
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 农业科学 农业科学
背景情况:
- 酸面粉发酵是一个复杂的过程,受当地做法的影响.
- 了解面包制作技术和微生物生态之间的相互作用对于保存传统食品遗产至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述黎巴嫩酸面粉制面包的做法.
- 为了比较传统和面包的微生物多样性.
- 确定具体实践如何塑造酸面粉微生物群落.
主要方法:
- 使用多重对应分析 (MCA) 和等级分类对26个面包师的30个面包制作变量进行分析.
- 50个酵母面样品的元编码 (V3V4和ITS1) 用于识别真菌和细菌物种.
- 351种酵母菌株的隔离和鉴定.
- 通过PERMANOVA分析,将微生物群落与面包制作实践联系起来.
主要成果:
- 确定了三个不同的制面包组:小麦面粉酸面粉 (频繁倒退,高水分/温度),小麦面粉Epiphany酸面粉 (非倒退,低水分/温度) 和玉米面粉酸面粉.
- 超编码揭示了141种真菌和98种细菌物种.
- 非背斜的酸面粉显示出更高的微生物多样性 (香农指数),其中包括Enterobacteriaceae和Pseudomonadaceae等家族.
- 定期倒退的酵母酵母是由Fructilactobacillus sanfranciscensis和Saccharomyces cerevisiae主导的.
- 微生物群落的差异与温度和水分水平有关.
结论:
- 这项研究首次全面分析了黎巴嫩的各种酸面粉面包制作实践和微生物多样性.
- 回落频率对物种多样性和传统酸面粉的成分产生重大影响.
- 具体的面包制造参数,如水分和温度是微生物社区结构的关键驱动因素.
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