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从医院行政数据中获得积极和未标记的学习:一种新的方法来识别败血症病例
Justus Vogel1, Johannes Cordier2
1Chair of Health Economics, Policy and Management, School of Medicine, University of St. Gallen, St.-Jakob-Strasse 21, CH-9000, St. Gallen, Switzerland. justus.vogel@unisg.ch.
Health care management science
|October 28, 2025
概括
积极和未标记的 (PU) 学习可以提高医院数据质量. 一种强大的PU学习方法有效地识别了败血症病例,提高了医院收入和报销系统的准确性.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 临床信息学 临床信息学
背景情况:
- 医院的行政数据通常包含未标记的积极和消极例子,如败血症病例.
- 未标记数据的存在可能会扭曲医院报销系统,对收入和利能力产生负面影响.
- 提高医院行政数据的质量对于准确的财务管理和患者护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查积极和未标记 (PU) 学习对于提高医院行政数据质量的适用性.
- 评估不同的PU学习方法来识别诸如败血症之类的临床疾病.
- 评估数据质量改善对医院金融系统的潜在影响.
主要方法:
- 在313,434例医院病例中使用成本特征训练了三个模型.
- 采用了基于两步"间"方法和一个强大的PU学习方法的两个模型.
- 通过重新标记未标记的败血症病例并将衍生的败血症率与现有医学文献进行外部有效性检查.
主要成果:
- 所有模型都表现出了在未见数据中识别真实阳性的能力.
- 外部验证显示,只有强大的PU学习者在未标记的数据中有效地区分积极和消极的情况.
- 强大的PU学习者产生的败血症率与医疗记录审查研究中报告的情况一致.
结论:
- 积极和未标记的 (PU) 学习可以显著提高医院行政数据的质量.
- 选择PU学习方法和分类器对于有效性至关重要.
- 公立医院的学习成果有潜力提高医院报销,收入管理和医疗保健分析.
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