在加纳地区医院的抗生素管理干预后,处方指标和抗生素利用模式的改善
Nana Akua Abruquah1, Obed Kwabena Offe Amponsah2, Divya Nair3
1University Hospital, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi 00233, Ghana.
Tropical medicine and infectious disease
|October 28, 2025
概括
加纳的抗菌药物管理干预措施显著减少了门诊部门的抗生素处方. 虽然世界卫生组织 (WHO) 的一些指标有所改善,但仍需要进一步努力,以优化抗生素使用和打击耐药性.
科学领域:
- 药理学和治疗学 药理学和治疗学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 合理使用药物,特别是抗微生物药物,对于减轻抗微生物药物耐药性至关重要.
- 2021年加纳地区医院门诊部的一项研究显示,抗生素处方率高,对世卫组织处方指标的遵守不佳.
- 这些发现促使在门诊部实施了抗微生物管理 (AMS) 干预措施.
研究的目的:
- 评估AMS干预对世卫组织处方指标和抗生素使用模式的影响.
- 为了比较2021年 (干预前) 和2023年 (干预后) 的处方数据,使用世卫组织的AWaRe分类.
主要方法:
- 采用了前后研究设计.
- 分析了2023年65,157名患者 (171,517次接触,247,313份处方) 的数据.
- 世卫组织的处方指标和抗生素使用模式在2021年至2023年之间进行了比较,使用了AWaRe (访问,观察,储备) 分类.
主要成果:
- 每次遇到的抗生素处方从36%下降到18%.
- 每次遇到的药物处方的平均数量从三次减少到两次.
- 使用通用名称的处方增加了 (76%至80%),注射使用减少了 (7%至6%). 然而,来自加纳基本药物清单的处方数量下降了 (90%至79%),Access抗生素的使用量保持不变,而观察和储备类别增加了.
结论:
- AMS干预措施对五个WHO处方指标中的三个产生了积极影响.
- 需要持续努力,以实现完全遵守所有世卫组织指标.
- 将抗生素使用率提高到70%以上是未来的一个关键目标.
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