专注注意力和实践自主性 提高罚球击球精度 在足球中
Tomasz Niźnikowski1, Jerzy Sadowski1, Andrzej Mastalerz2
1Faculty of Physical Education and Health in Biała Podlaska, Józef Piłsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-968 Warsaw, Poland.
Sports (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 28, 2025
概括
将外部注意力集中与实践自主性相结合,可以显著提高足球点球的准确性. 量身定制的训练方法有可能提高球员的表现.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动学习是指运动学习.
- 技能获取 技能获得 技能获取
背景情况:
- 注意力集中和实践自主性是运动技能学习的关键因素.
- 优化这些元素可以提高像足球这样的体育运动中的运动表现.
研究的目的:
- 调查外部与内部注意力集中,练习自主,以及它们的组合对足球点球表现的影响.
- 确定最有效的训练策略,以提高罚球准确度.
主要方法:
- 90名男性大学生被随机分配到6组:具有目标选择的外部焦点 (EF-TC),没有目标选择的外部焦点 (EF-NTC),具有目标选择的内部焦点 (IF-TC),没有目标选择的内部焦点 (IF-NTC),自主支持 (AS) 和对照组 (C).
- 通过预测,收购和组间分析,评估了参与者的点球表现.
主要成果:
- 与内部焦点组和对照组相比,对外聚焦与目标选择 (EF-TC) 组的准确性明显更高.
- 没有目标选择的外部关注 (EF-NTC) 显示了从预测到收购的最大集团内部改进.
- 外部聚焦条件和自主性支持通常会导致与内部聚焦或控制条件相比的可比或更高的性能.
结论:
- 将外部注意力集中与实践自主性相结合,有效地提高了足球点球的准确性.
- 这些发现凸显了定制教练策略在体育表现技能获取方面的重要性.
- 这项研究表明,对外部的关注和自主支持对改善点球执行有好处.
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