平衡绿色洗和真正的变革:环境管理和技术如何推动可持续的企业业绩?
Ce Jia1, Zhen Chen2, Xiaodan Guo3
1School of Economics and Finance, Hohai University, Changzhou, 213200, China.
Journal of environmental management
|October 28, 2025
概括
本研究比较了中国制造企业的环境管理 (EMS) 和环境技术 (CPP). 虽然两者都提高了业绩,但CPP更能减少排放,而EMS则促进了创新,一些公司表现出绿色洗模式.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 企业的可持续性 企业的可持续发展
- 工业生态学 工业生态学
背景情况:
- 企业的可持续性倡议经常受到其真实性的审查,其中一个关键的辩论集中在环境管理系统 (EMS) 和更清洁的生产实践 (CPP) 是否导致真正的环境改善,还是作为绿色洗策略.
- 了解环境管理与环境技术的影响差异对于有效的企业战略和政策设计至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较ISO 14001环境管理系统 (EMS) 和清洁生产实践 (CPP) 在提高中国制造企业的环境和经济绩效方面的有效性.
- 调查这些方法是否导致实质性的可持续性转型或象征性合规,并确定影响这些结果的因素.
主要方法:
- 在2000年至2012年期间,利用了分阶段差异设计,使用了来自57,512家EMS认证和17,119家CPP审计的中国制造企业的面板数据.
- 分析了EMS和CPP对环境指标 (SO2,COD排放) 和经济指标 (研发投资,融资限制) 的影响.
主要成果:
- 无论是EMS还是CPP都改善了环境和经济表现. 在CPP的研究中,SO2和COD排放量得到了优异的降低.
- 欧洲经济体系显著刺激了研发投资和绿色技术创新,而CPP缓解了融资限制.
- 联合采用EMS和CPP没有显示出协同效应的收益,表明潜在的象征性合规. 污染严重的中小企业,监管较少的地区的非出口企业的积极影响更为明显,而在更严格的地区的大型出口商则表现出绿色洗的趋势.
结论:
- 环境管理 (EMS) 和环境技术 (CPP) 可以推动实质性的可持续发展转型,但它们的有效性各不相同.
- 采用环境,公司特点和监管环境显著影响这些举措是否导致真正的改进或象征性的绿色洗.
- 调查结果为设计企业可持续性战略和环境政策提供了关键的见解,以确保实质性影响.
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