是否有可能识别基因型,在基因负病原体的耐药表型的基础上?
Almudena Burillo1,2,3, Julia Serrano-Lobo1,3, Emilio Bouza1,2,3,4
1Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón.
Current opinion in infectious diseases
|October 28, 2025
概括
将病原体基因型与耐药表型联系起来是复杂的. 整合表型和基因型数据为准确的抗菌素耐药性诊断提供了最佳策略.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 临床诊断 临床诊断 临床诊断
背景情况:
- 格拉姆阴性病原体的抗微生物耐药性 (AMR) 是一个日益增长的全球健康威胁.
- 了解基因型-表型关系对于有效的治疗和监测至关重要.
- 目前的诊断方法在预测耐药机制方面存在局限性.
研究的目的:
- 审查格拉姆阴性病原体中基因型和耐药表型之间的关系.
- 评估表型方法对遗传抵抗机制的预测准确性.
- 评估基因型方法和综合策略,以提高诊断效用.
主要方法:
- 关于基因型和表型抗微生物敏感性测试 (AST) 的当前文献的综述.
- 分析分子方法,包括PCR,微阵列,测序和全基因组测序.
- 探索新兴技术,如实时测序,元基因组学和机器学习.
主要成果:
- 类型性AST与治疗结果相关,但往往忽略了潜在的遗传抵抗.
- 基因型方法快速检测出已知的抗性基因,但在表达和功能预测方面存在困难.
- 全基因组测序提供了全面的见解,但由于各种生物学因素,基因型-表型不一致性仍然存在.
- 新兴技术显示出希望,但需要标准化和临床验证.
结论:
- 整合表型和基因型数据对于基于机制的AMR诊断至关重要.
- 人工智能和精心策划的数据库可以提高诊断准确度.
- 临床验证和协调的解释框架是广泛采用的必要条件.
- 综合方法是管理抗微生物药物耐药性的可操作诊断的关键.
相关概念视频
Development of Antibiotic Resistance
1.3K
Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
1.3K
Methods of Classification and Identification
993
Bacterial identification relies on a diverse array of techniques to classify and understand microorganisms, each tailored to uncover specific characteristics. Traditional morphological approaches, while still valuable, are limited for closely related or structurally simple organisms. Modern methods integrate biochemical, serological, genetic, and advanced molecular tools to achieve greater accuracy.Morphological and Biochemical TechniquesMorphological characteristics, such as cell shape and...
993
Antibiotic Selection
59.3K
Overview
59.3K
Modern Molecular Taxonomy
576
Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
576
Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing
506
Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
506


