[免疫瘤学的当前进展和最新的治疗选择]
Sebastian Kobold1,2,3, Rasmus Müller1
1Abteilung für Klinische Pharmakologie, Klinikum der Universität München, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV.
Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)
|October 28, 2025
概括
最近批准的药物包括抗体药物合物,检查点抑制剂和对各种癌症的双特异性T细胞参与剂. 对于固体瘤的第一个T细胞疗法也得到了批准,对增强的CAR T细胞疗法的研究正在进行中.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
背景情况:
- 欧洲对免疫治疗药物的批准主要包括基于单克隆抗体的产品.
- 最近的进展包括抗体-药物结合物 (Mirvetuximab Soravtansine),单克隆抗体 (Zolbetuximab) 和检查点抑制剂 (Tislelizumab) 用于固体瘤.
- 双特异性T细胞参与抗体 (Teclistamab,Glofitamab) 已被批准用于血液恶性瘤.
研究的目的:
- 审查欧洲和美国最近批准的免疫治疗剂.
- 突出针对固体和血液性恶性瘤的新型治疗策略.
- 讨论新兴的基于T细胞的疗法和固体瘤的未来方向.
主要方法:
- 监管机构 (EMA,FDA) 对最近批准的免疫治疗剂进行审查.
- 分析涉及化疗和免疫治疗的组合方法.
- 对下一代T细胞疗法的临床前数据的检查.
主要成果:
- 新的批准包括抗体-药物合物,检查点抑制剂和对卵巢,胃,食道和血液癌症的双特异性T细胞参与剂.
- 对胆管癌,尿路癌和子宫内膜癌的组合疗法已获得批准.
- 第一个T细胞疗法 (Lifileucel,Afamitresgene autoleucel) 用于固体瘤 (黑色素瘤,突肉瘤) 在2024年获得FDA批准.
结论:
- 基于单克隆抗体的疗法和双特异性T细胞参与剂在癌症治疗中取得了重大进展.
- T细胞疗法正在扩展到固体瘤,目前正在进行的研究重点是克服挑战.
- 未来的方向包括模块化CAR T细胞,多抗原向和先进一代CAR T细胞,以提高在固体瘤中的疗效.
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