相关实验视频
Updated: Jan 13, 2026
12:44
Watershed Planning within a Quantitative Scenario Analysis Framework
Published on: July 24, 2016
8.4K
为矿山尾矿储存设施的灾害风险分析制定全面的弓带框架
Rafaela Shinobe Massignan1, Juliana Siqueira-Gay2, Luis Enrique Sánchez1
1Department of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
概括
矿山废弃物储存设施 (TSF) 灾难需要综合风险管理. 一个适应的蝶结框架揭示了差距,强调需要解决社会脆弱性,以全面减少灾害风险.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 风险管理 风险管理
- 土木工程 土木工程是指土木工程.
背景情况:
- 尾矿储存设施 (TSF) 的故障,比如巴西玛丽亚纳和布鲁马迪尼奥的情况,强调了与矿山尾矿管理相关的复杂,长期风险.
- 以前的调查往往只关注直接的技术原因,忽视了关键的环境和社会层面.
- 有效地减少灾害风险需要采用整体方法,整合技术,环境和社会因素.
研究的目的:
- 为分析TSF灾难风险提出适应的蝶结框架.
- 系统地识别各种危险,暴露,脆弱性和能力层面的威胁和后果.
- 突出一个多维的方法对TSF风险管理的重要性.
主要方法:
- 为TSF灾难风险分析制定适应的蝶结框架.
- 使用公开可用的数据,将框架应用于巴西的Pontal TSF.
- 系统地识别威胁,后果和风险维度 (危险,暴露,脆弱性,能力).
主要成果:
- 适应的蝶结框架有效地系统化了TSF灾难风险分析.
- 对Pontal TSF的应用发现了风险管理中的关键缺口,特别是缺乏社会脆弱性评估.
- 虽然TSF稳定性控制至关重要,但它本身不足以全面降低灾害风险.
结论:
- 综合风险管理,包括技术,环境和社会因素,对于降低TSF灾害风险至关重要.
- 拟议的蝶结框架为识别和应对多维风险提供了有价值的工具.
- 让多个利益相关者参与并解决灾难风险的四个维度对于有效的TSF安全至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:17Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment
281
Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
281
01:29Applications of GIS: Disaster Management and Emergency Response
452
Geographic Information System (GIS) technology is essential for risk identification, action prioritization, and resource optimization in critical situations like flooding and earthquakes. By integrating spatial and demographic data, GIS provides a comprehensive framework for emergency response.GIS integrates data layers, like rainfall intensity, topography, elevation profiles, and river levels, to model high-risk flood zones. These layers assess areas susceptible to flooding based on their...
452
01:21Manipulation and Analysis
283
GIS manipulation and analysis functions are vital for decision-making and planning. These activities range from data retrieval tasks, such as selecting information based on specific criteria, to advanced analytical techniques that address complex spatial problems.One critical GIS analysis method is overlaying, which combines multiple data layers to examine impacts. For example, overlaying a river-dammed lake boundary with road networks can identify affected infrastructure. Another common...
283
01:14Design Example: Managing Concrete Workability
294
This example deals with managing the workability of concrete for a raft foundation project under hot weather conditions. Workability is crucial for ensuring the concrete is easy to place, compact, and finish. In this scenario, a slump test — a common method to measure the workability of fresh concrete — initially indicated low workability. This was attributed to the rapid water loss from the concrete mix, exacerbated by the high temperatures causing the course aggregates to heat up.
294
01:30Thematic Layering in GIS
323
In the past, planning projects such as schools or public facilities required extensive manual effort to gather and compile data. Information such as property boundaries, soil characteristics, road networks, zoning regulations, and flood zones had to be sourced individually from courthouses, utility providers, and registry offices. Assembling these datasets into a coherent format often took several months, delaying project timelines.The introduction of Geographic Information Systems (GIS)...
323
01:21Design Example: Creating a Hydraulic Model of a Dam Spillway
664
Scaled hydraulic models of dam spillways provide a practical way to replicate and study the intricate flow dynamics of these structures. Often built to a 1:15 ratio, these models allow for observing critical water behavior, such as velocity distribution, flow patterns, and energy dissipation.
664