门诊初级保健中的人工智能:对应用,挑战和未来方向的全面审查
Stacy Iannone1, Amarpreet Kaur2, Kevin B Johnson3,4
1Division of Biomedical Informatics, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. stacy.iannone@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.
Journal of general internal medicine
|October 29, 2025
概括
初级保健中的人工智能 (AI) 大多处于开发阶段,实际应用有限. 需要进一步的研究来探索AI.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 初级保健研究研究初级保健研究
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 显示出增强临床决策和初级保健患者结果的前景.
- 目前,人工智能融入门诊初级保健机构的程度还不清楚.
- 本综述探讨了AI在非紧急初级保健中的作用,试验和整合.
研究的目的:
- 进行对人工智能在门诊初级保健机构的实施和应用进行范围审查.
- 了解当前人工智能研究和在初级保健中实际使用的现状.
- 在初级保健中识别人工智能应用和实施的差距.
主要方法:
- 根据乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的方法和PRISMA-ScR指南进行全面的范围审查.
- 在MEDLINE,CINAHL,Scopus和clinicaltrials.gov数据库中搜索同行评审文章 (2019年1月至2024年11月).
- 主题分析以综合AI应用领域,研究阶段和实施状态的发现.
主要成果:
- 在3203份经过选的手稿中,有61项研究符合资格标准.
- 大多数研究重点是AI模型开发 (43%),很少有人报告临床试验结果 (8%).
- 确定的人工智能应用包括提供者支持和放射性诊断;注意到现实世界的实施很少 (11项研究),主要是在环境编写和决策支持方面.
结论:
- 初级保健中的人工智能主要是在发育阶段.
- 人工智能在初级保健中的实际应用目前是有限的.
- 需要进一步的研究和开发,才能在初级保健环境中实现AI的全部潜力.
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